a (abl.) from / by ab (abl.) from / by abdo -ere -didi -ditum to put away / hide abduco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead away / withdraw abeo -ire -ii -itum to go away abhibeo -êre -ui -itum to apply / bring to bear abhinc ago abhorreo -êre -ui -itum to shrink from / be adverse to abicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw away abies abietis f. fir tree / spruce abiungo -ere -iunxi -iunctum to unyoke / separate / part aboleo -ere -evi -itum to abolish / destroy abrumpo -ere -rupi -ruptum to break off abscido -ere -cidi -cisum to cut off absconditus -a -um hidden / secret absens -sentis absent / away abstineo -êre -stinui -stentumto hold back / refrain from abstinentia -ae f. abstinence / self-denial absolvo -ere -solvi -solutum to loosen / free absum -esse afui afuturus to be absent absumo -ere -sumpsi -sumptum to reduce / consume / destroy abundo -are -avi -atum to overflow / abound in abutor -uti -usus sum to use up / misuse / waste ac and / as / than accedo -ere -cessi -cessurus to go toward / approach accendo -ere -cendi -censum to set fire to / excite acceptus -a -um acceptable / welcome / dear accessus -ûs m. approach / access accido -ere cidi to fall upon / happen accingo -ere -cinxi -cinctum to gird / arm / make ready accipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to receive acclamatio -onis f. shout / heckling acclivis -e sloping / uphill / rising accommodo -are -avi -atum to adjust / adapt accumbo -ere -cubui -cubitum to lie on / recline (at table) accurrate carefully accurro - ere -curri -cursum to run up to accusatio -onis f. accusation / indictment accusator -oris m. accuser accuso -are -avi -atum to accuse acer acris acre sharp / bitter / eager acerbitas -tatis f. harshness acerbus -a -um bitter / harsh acetaria -orum n salad acetum -i n. vinegar acies aciei f. sharp edge / line of battle acquiro -ere -sivi -situm to acquire / gain acriter keenly / fiercely actio -onis f. act / proposal activitas -atis f. activity actrix -icis f. actress actor -oris m. actor acumen -minis n. sharpness / cunning acuo -ere acui acutum to sharpen acutus -a -um sharpened / sharp ad (acc.) to / toward adaequo -are -avi -atum to make equal to / be equal to adamas -antis m. adamant / hardest iron / steel adamo -are -avi -atum to fall in love with / covet addisco -ere -didici to learn in addition addo -are -didi -ditum to add / join to adduco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead to / induce adeo thus far / so / so much adeo -ire -ii -itum to approach / go to adfero -ferre attuli allatum to bring adficio -ere -feci -fectum to affect / afflict / weaken adhaereo -êre -haesi -haesum to stick to / adhere adhibeo -êre -ui -itum to use / apply adhuc thus far / up until now adicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw to / add adigo -ere -egi -actum to drive / hurl / approach adimo -ere -emi -emptum to take away / remove adipiscor adipisci adeptum to gain / obtain / acquire aditus -ûs m. entrance adiungo -ere -iunxi -iunctum to join / attach adiuvo -are -iuvi -iutum to help adligo -are -avi -atum to bind to administro -are -avi -atum to govern admirabilis -e wonderful admiratio -onis f. admiration / surprise / wonder admiror -ari -atus sum to wonder at / admire admitto -ere -misi -missum to admit / receive admodum fully / just / very admoneo -ere -ui -itum to advise / warn adnumero -are -avi -atum to count out / pay adnuo -ere -nui to nod assent adolesco -ere -evi -ultum to grow up / reach maturity adoperio -ire -ui -tum to cover up / close adopto -are -avi -atum to wish for oneself / adopt adorior -iri -ortum to attack adoro -are -avi -atum to worship adsequor -sequi -secutum to attain / accomplish adsideo -êre assedi assessumto sit near adsiduus -a -um continual / constant adsuesco -ere -suevi -suetum to grow accustomed adsum -esse -fui -futurus to be present adulatio -onis f. flattery adulescens -entis m./f. young man or woman adulescentia -ae f. youth adultus -a -um grown up / mature / adult aduncus -a -um curved / hooked aduro -ere -ussi -ustum to set on fire / kindle advena -ae m./f. foreigner / stranger advenio -ire -veni -ventum to arrive / come to adventus -ûs m. arrival / approach adversarius -i m. opponent adversus (acc.) toward / facing / against adversus -a -um hostile / opposite adverto -ere -verti -versum to turn to / direct advocatus -i m. advocate advoco -are -avi -atum to summon / call advolo -are -avi -atum to fly to / hasten to aedes -is f. temple aedificium -i n. building / house aedifico -are -avi -atum to build aeger -gra -grum sick / feeble aegre hardly / scarcely aegroto -are -avi -atum to be sick aegrotus -a -um sick aeneus -a -um made of bronze aequinoctium -i n. equinox aequitas -tatis f. justice aequo -are -avi -atum to make equal aequor -oris n. sea aequus -a -um equal / fair aer aeris m. air aerarium aerari n. treasury aes aeris n. copper / bronze / money aestas -atis f. summer aestimo -are -avi -atum to estimate / value aestuarium -i n. place overflowed at high tide aestuo -are -avi -atum to seethe / boil aestus -ûs m. heat / tide aetas -atis f. age aeternus -a -um eternal aether -eris m. upper air / heaven aetherius -a -um heavenly / ethereal aevum -i n. age / lifetime affero -ferre attuli allatum to bring to / produce afficio -ere -feci -fectum to influence affligo -ere -flexi -flectum to afflict / hurt affor -ari -fatus sum to speak to / address ager agri m. field agger -eris m. mound / rampart aggredior -gredi -gressus sum to attack aggrego -are -avi -atum to bring together / join agilis -e agile / nimble agito -are -avi -atum to chase / hunt agmen -inis n. line of battle / procession agnosco -ere -novi -nitum to recognize agnus -i m. sheep / lamb ago agere egi actum to do / drive / perform agricola -ae m. farmer agricultura -ae f. agriculture ait aiunt he says / they say ala -ae f. wing alacer -cris -cre lively / eager / glad alacritas -tatis f. liveliness / enthusiasm albus -a -um white alces -is f. elk ales -itis m./f. bird alias on another occasion alienus -a -um belonging to another / foreign alii ... alii some ... others alimentum -i n. food / nourishment alio to another place / elsewhere alioqui otherwise aliquamdiu at some time / once aliquando sometimes / at some time aliquantum -i n. a considerable amount aliqui aliqua aliquod some aliquis aliquid someone / something aliquo to some place aliquot some / several aliter otherwise alius alia aliud another / other alligo -are -avi -atum to tie up almus -a -um kind / generous alo alere alui alitum to nourish / feed altaria -ium n. high altar alter -a -um the one / the other altitudo -inis f. height / depth altum -i n. sea / the deep altus -a -um high / deep aluta -ae f. soft leather alveus -i m. hollow / cavity amabilis -e lovable amans -tis loving amarus -a -um bitter ambactus -i m. vassal / dependent amator -oris m. lover ambitio -onis f. ambition ambitiosus -a -um ambitious ambo -ae -o both / two together ambulo -are -avi -atum to walk amen amen / so be it amens -entis senseless / foolish / mad amentia -ae f. madness / insanity amica -ae f. friend amice in a friendly manner amicitia -ae f. friendship amictus -ûs m. cloak / wrap amiculum -i n. cloak amicus -a -um friendly amicus -i m. friend amitto -ere -misi -missum to lose amnis -is m. river amo -are -avi -atum to love amor -oris m. love amoveo -êre -movi -motum to move away / remove amphitheatrum -i n. amphitheater amphora -ae f. amphora / wine-jar amplector -plecti -plectus sumto embrace amplifico -are -avi -atum to make large / increase amplitudo -dinis f. size / greatness / dignity amplius more / farther amplus -a -um great / splendid an or anas -atis f. duck anceps -cipitis two-headed / double ancilla -ae f. maid ancora -ae f. anchor angelus -i m. angel angina -ae f. sore throat anguis -is m./f. snake angulus -i m. corner angustiae -arum f.pl. narrow pass / difficulties anguste closely / sparingly angustiae -arum f.pl. narrow place / straits angustum -i n. crisis angustus -a -um narrow / difficult anima -ae f. breath / soul animadverto -ere to notice / punish animal -alis n. animal animus -i m. spirit / mind annotinus -a -um last year's annus -a um yearly / annual annus -i m. year anser -eris m. goose ante (acc.) before / in front of ante before / formerly antea formerly anteeo -ire -ii to go before / excel antepono -ere -posui -positum to put before / prefer antequam before antiquo -are -avi -atum to reject a bill or law antiquus -a -um old / ancient antrum - n. cave anulus -i m. ring anxius -a -um anxious / troubled aper apri m. wild boar aperio aperire aperui apertum to open apertus -a -um open / unprotected apparatus -ûs m. equipment appareo -êre -ui -itum to become visible / appear appello -are -avi -atum to call by name appelo -ere -puli -pulsum to drive to / bring in / land appetentia -ae f. appetite appeto -ere -ivi -itum to seek after / desire applico -are -avi -atum to fold / join appono -ere -posui -positum to put down / place near approbo -are -avi -atum to approve appropinquo -are -avi -atum to approach apricus -a -um sunny / light / open apto -are -avi -atum to adapt / apply aptus -a -um suited apud (acc.) near / at the house of aqua -ae f. water aquaductus -ûs m. aquaduct aquaticus -a -um aquatic / living in water aquatio -onis f. obtaining water aquila -ae f. eagle / standard aquilifer -i m. standard-bearer aquilo -onis m. north wind ara -ae f. altar aranea -ae f. spider's web arator -oris m. plowman aratrum -i n. plough arbitrium -i n. judgment arbitror -ari -atum to think arbor -oris f. tree arboreus -a -um treelike arca -ae f. box / chest arceo -ere -ui to ward off / keep away arcesso -ere -ivi -itum to summon / send for architectus -i m. builder / architect arcus -ûs m. bow ardeo -êre arsi arsum to burn / be on fire ardor -oris m. flame / burning / heat arduus -a -um steep / difficult area -ae f. courtyard arena -ae f. sand / arena argenteus -a -um made of silver argentum -i n. silver / money argumentum -i n. proof / evidence arguo -ere -ui -utum to declare / prove / accuse aridum -i n. dry land / shore aridus -a -um dry / arid aries -etis m. ram / battering-ram arma -orum n.pl. arms / weapons armamenta -orum n.pl. implements / equipment armarium -ii n. chest / cupboard armilla -ae f. bracelet armo -are -avi -atum to equip / arm with weapons aro -are -avi -atum to plough / till arripio -ere -ripui -reptum to snatch / seize arrogantia -ae f. arrogance ars artis f. skill / art articulus -i m. joint / knuckle artifex artificis m. artist artificum -i n. art / trade / skill artus -ûs m. limb arvum -i n. field / cultivated land arx arcis f. citadel / fortress as assis m. small copper coin ascendo -ere -scendi -scensum to climb up ascensus -ûs m. ascent / approach asiduus -a -um continual / constant asinus -i m. donkey asparagus -i m. asparagus asper -era -erum rough / harsh aspergo -ere -spersi -spersum to scatter / sprinkle aspicio -ere -spexi -spectum to look at / face assentator -oris m. yes-man assentio -ire -sensi -sensum to agree assidue continually assiduus -a -um constant / steady assisto -ere astiti to stand near / stand by assuefacio -ere -feci -factum to accustom / familiarize assuesco -ere -suevi -suetum to become accustomed to ast but / however asto -are astiti to stand near astrologus -i m. astrologer astrum -i n. constellation astutus -a -um sly / clever / crafty asylum -i n. place of refuge at but / however ater atra atrum dark athleta -ae m. athlete atque and / as / than atqui and yet / still atramentum -i n. ink atrium -i n. atrium atrox atrocis savage / fierce / cruel attendo -ere -tendi -tentum to listen to / pay attention attente attentively attingo -ere attigi attactum to touch / reach attolo -ere to lift up / raise / elevate attonitus -a -um astonished attribuo -ere -ui -utum to assign / allot auctionarius -i m. auctioneer auctor -oris m. author / originator / sponsor auctoritas -tatis f. authority / prestige audacia -ae f. daring/boldness audacter boldly / recklessly audax audacis bold / reckless audencia -ae f. boldness / courage audeo -êre ausus sum to dare / venture audio -ire -ivi -itum to hear auditor -oris m. hearer / listener / scholar aufero -ferre abstuli ablatum to carry away aufugio -ere -fugi to flee away / escape augeo -êre auxi auctum to increase / augment augurium -i n. augury / omen / prophecy auguror -ari -atus sum to foretell / predict aula -ae f. palace aura -ae f. breeze / wind auratus -a -um gilded / gold-plated aureus -a -um golden auricula -ae f. earlobe auriga -ae m. charioteer / driver auris -is f. ear aurum -i n. gold / money ausculto -are -avi -atum to listen to / hear auspicium auspici n. augery / omen aut or aut ... aut ... either ... or ... autem however autumnus -i m. autumn auxilior -ari -atus sum to give aid / help auxilium -i n. help / aid avaritia -ae f. greed / avarice avarus -a -um avaricious avarus -i m. miser ave hail!
aveho -ere -vexi -vectum to carry away avena -ae f. reed / stalk aversus -a -um turned away / behind averto -ere -verti -versum to turn away / avert avia -ae f. grandmother avide eagerly / avidly aviditas -tatis f. eagerness / greed avidus -a -um eager avis -is f. bird avitus -a -um of a grandfather / ancestral avoco -are -avi -atum to call away / divert avunculus -i m. uncle avus -i m. grandfather axis -is m. axle / wheel / chariot baca -ae f. berry baculum -i n. staff / walking stick badius -a -um chestnut colored balaena -ae f. whale balbus -a -um stammering / stuttering balneum -i n. bath balo -are -avi -atum to bleat balteus -i m. sword belt barba -ae f. beard barbarus -a -um foreign / uncultivated barbarus -i m. barbarian basium -i n. kiss beatus -a -um blessed / prosperous bellicosus -a -um warlike bellicus -a -um military bello -are -avi -atum to wage war bellum -i n. war bellus -a -um handsome / agreeable belua -ae f. beast / monster bene well benefactum -i n. good deed beneficium -i n. kindness / favor / benefit benevolentia -ae f. good will benignitas -atis f. kindness benignus -a -um kindly / gracious bestia -ae f. animal/beast bibliotheca -ae f. library bibo -ere bibi bibitum to drink biduum -i n. period of two days biennium -i n. period of two years bini -ae -a two at a time bis twice blanditia -ae f. compliment / charm / flattery blandus -a -um tranquil / quiet / flattering bonitas -tatis f. goodness / fertility bonus -a -um good bos bovis m./f. ox / bull / cow brachae -arum f.pl. pants / trousers bracchium -i n. arm brevis -e short / brief brevitas -tatis f. brevity breviter briefly bruma -ae f. winter solstice / winter bubo -onis m./f. owl bucina -ae f. trumpet / horn bulla -ae f. amulet / charm bustum -i n. pyre / tomb buxus -i f. boxwood cachinnans -antis laughing / cackling cachinno -are -avi -atum to laugh / cackle cachinnus -i m. laughter cacumen -inis n. end / point / peak / summit cadaver -eris n. cadaver / corpse cado -ere cecidi casurus to fall caecus -a -um blind caedes -is f. slaughter / murder caedo -ere cecidi caesum to cut / kill caelestis -e heavenly / celestial caelum -i n. sky caerimonia -ae f. ceremony caeruleus -a -um dark blue caesus -a -um killed calamitas -atis f. disaster calamus -i m. pen calceus -i m. shoe calco -are -avi -atum to step on calculus -i m. pebble calidus -a -um warm / hot caliga -ae f. boot caligo -inis f. darkness / gloom callidus -a -um shrewd / clever calor -oris m. heat calvus -a -um bald camelus -i m. camel campus -i m. plain / field candela -ae f. candle candelabrum -i n. lamp-stand / candelabrum candidatus -i m. candidate candidus -a -um shining / bright / white caninus -a -um canine canis -is m./f. dog canistrum -i n. basket cano -ere cecini cantum to sing canto -are -avi -atum to sing cantor -oris m. singer cantrix -icis f. singer (f.) cantus -ûs m. song canus -a -um whitish-grey / old / venerable caper -pri m. goat capillus -i m. hair capio -ere cepi captum to take / capture capra -ae f. she-goat captivus -a -um captive / taken prisoner captivus -i m. captive / prisoner capto -are -avi -atum to grab / seek to get captus -a -um captured / caught caput -itis n. head carbo -onis m. coal / charcoal carcer -eris m. prison / jail carceres -ium m. starting gate cardo -inis m. hinge / door careo -êre -ui -itum (abl.) to be without / lack carina -ae f. ship / keel of the ship caritas -tatis f. affection carmen -inis n. song carnifex -ficis m. executioner caro carnis f. flesh / meat carota -ae f. carrot carpo -ere carpsi carptum to pluck / seize carrus -i m. cart carus -a -um dear casa -ae f. hut / cabin caseus -i m. cheese cassis -idis f. metal helmet castellum -i n. fortress castigo -are -avi -atum to scold / nag castra -ae f. camp casus -ûs m. chance / accident catena -ae f. chain catenae -arum f.pl. chains / fetters caterva -ae f. crowd / troop cathedra -ae f. easy chair / professor's chair cauda -ae f. tail caudex -icis m. blockhead / idiot caupo -onis m. innkeeper causa -ae f. cause / reason causâ (gen.) for the sake of caute cautiously cautes -is f. jagged rock / cliff cautus -a -um cautious / wary / careful cavea -ae f. cave caveo -êre cavi cautum to beware / take care caverna -ae f. cave cavum -i n. hole cavus -a -um hollow cavus -i m. hole cedo -ere cessi cessurus to go / move / yield celeber -bra -brum crowded / thronged / famous celebro -are -avi -atum to celebrate celer -is -e quick / fast celeritas -tatis f. speed / swiftness celeriter swiftly / quickly cella -ae f. storeroom cellarius -ii m. house steward celo -are -avi -atum to hide / conceal celsus -a -um lofty / high cena -ae f. dinner cenaculum -i n. eating-room / attic ceno -are -avi -atum to dine censeo -êre censui censum to tax / think censor -oris m. censor census -ûs m. count / enumeration centaurus -i m. centaur centum hundred centurio -onis m. centurion cera -ae f. wax cerasum -i n. cherry ceratus -a -um made of wax cerno -ere crevi cretum to discern / distinguish certamen -inis n. struggle / contest certe at least / certainly certo -are -avi -atum to compete certus -a -um certain / definite cerva -ae f. deer / hind cervix -icis f. neck and shoulders cervus -i m. stag / deer cesso -are -avi -atum to linger / idle / tarry ceteri -ae -a all the others ceterus -a -um the other charta -ae f. papyrus / paper cibaria -orum n.pl. provisions / rations cibus -i m. food cicada -ae f. cricket / grasshopper ciconia -ae f. stork cicuta -ae f. hemlock cieo -êre civi citum to arrouse / summon cingo -ere cinxi cinctum to surround cingulum -i n. belt cinis -eris m. ashes circa (acc.) around circenses -ium m.pl. Circus games circiter about / near circiter (acc.) about / near circuitus -ûs m. a way around / circuit circulus -i m. circle circum (acc.) around circumdo -dare -dedi -datum to put around / surround circumeo -ire -ii -itum to go around / surround circumfero -ferre -tuli -latumto bring around / spread circumsisto -ere -steti to surround / stand around circumspecto -are -avi -atum to look around circumspicio -ere to look about / survey circumsto -are -steti to stand around / encircle circumvenio -ire -veni -ventumto surround circus -i m. race-track citatus -a -um rapid citerior citerius nearer / on this side citharoedus -i m. zither player cito quickly citra (acc.) on this side of civilis -e civil / of citizens civis -is m./f. citizen civitas -tatis f. citizenship clades -is f. disaster / injury / loss clam secretly clamo -are -avi -atum to shout clamor -oris m. shout / noise clarus -a -um clear / bright / famous classis -is f. fleet of ships claudico -are -avi -atum to be lame / become limp claudo -ere clausi clausum to close clavus -i m. nail / spike clemens -entis calm / gentle / merciful clementia -ae f. mildness / mercy cliens -entis m. dependent / client clientela -ae f. clients / dependents clivus -i m. sloping street coctilis -e baked (bricks) coemo -ere -emi -emptum to buy up / purchase coeo -ire -ii -itum to come together / join coepi coepisse coeptum to have begun / began coerceo -êre -ui -itum to enclose / restrain cogito -are -avi -atum to consider / think about cognatio -onis f. blood-relationship / kindred cognosco -ere -novi -nitum to get to know / find out cogo -ere coegi coactum to collect / compel cohors cohortis f. cohort cohortatio -onis f. encouraging / urging cohortor -ari -atus sum to urge / encourage collaudo -are -avi -atum to praise collectus -a -um gathered / assembled collega -ae m. colleague collegium -i n. colleagues colligo -are -avi -atum to bind together / fasten colligo -ere -legi -lectum to gather together / collect collis -is m. hill colloco -are -avi -atum to place / put colloquium -i n. conversation colloquor -loqui -locutus sum to talk with / confer collum -i n. neck colo -ere colui cultum to till / cultivate colonia -ae f. colony / settlement colonus -i m. settler color -oris m. color coluber -bri m. snake columba -ae f. dove coma -ae f. hair comburo -ere -bussi -bustum to burn up / consume by fire comes -itis m. companion cominor -ari -atus sum to threaten comitatus -ûs m. company comitia -orum n. assembly / election comitor -ari -atus sum to accompany / attend commeatus -ûs m. trip / supplies commemoro -are -avi -atum to remind / relate / mention commendo -are -avi -atum to entrust / commend commentarius -i m. notebook / source book commeo -are -avi -atum to go to and fro / resort to commericium -i n. trade / commerce commilito -onis m. fellow-soldier / comrade commisceo -ere -miscui -mixtumto intermingle / join commitatus -a -um retinue / followers committo -ere -misi -missum to entrust commode conveniently / suitably commodus -a -um suitable / convenient commoror -ari -atus sum to delay commotus -a -um moved / upset / excited commoveo -êre -movi -motum to move / influence / alarm communico -are -avi -atum to share / impart communio -ire -ivi -itum to fortify communis -e common / shared / universal commutatio -onis f. complete change / alteration commuto -are -avi -atum to change / alter / exchange comparo -are -avi -atum to arrange / obtain compello -ere -puli -pulsum to drive together / compel comperio -ire -peri -pertum to find out / discover competitor -oris m. competitor complector -i complexus sum to embrace compleo -êre -plevi -pletum to fill / man complexus -ûs m. embrace complures -a several / a good many compluvium -i n. skylight compono -ere -posui -positum to settle / arrange comporto -are -avi -atum to bring together / collect comprehendo -ere to seize / grasph / understand computo -are -avi -atum to count / do figures conatus -ûs m. undertaking concedo -ere -cessi -cessum to yield / grant / concede concido -ere -cidi to fall down / collapse concilio -are -avi -atum to win over concilium -i n. council / assembly concipio -ere -cepi -captum to conceive concito -are -avi -atum to arouse conclamo -are -avi -atum to shout conclave -is n. room concludo -ere -clusi -clusum to close up / conclude concordia -ae f. agreement / harmony concordo -are -avi -atum to agree concretio -onis f. growing together / material concurro -ere -curri -cursum to run together condemno -are -avi -atum to condemn condicio -onis f. agreement / condition conditio -onis f. terms / condition conditor -oris m. founder / author condo -ere condidi conditum to found (city) condo -ere -didi -ditum to hide / conceal conduco -ere -duxi -ductum to hire confectus -a -um finished confero -ferre -tuli collatum to bring together / collect confertus -a -um thick / crowded together confestim immediately conficio -ere -feci -fectum to finish / complete confido -ere -fisus sum (dat.)to have confidence in confirmatio -onis f. verifying of facts / proof confirmo -are -avi -atum to strengthen confiteor -fitêri -fessus sum to confess confligo -ere -flixi -flictum to struggle / contest conformo -are -avi -atum to shape congredior -gredi -gressus sumto meet congrego -are -avi -atum to gather together / assemble conicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw coniectus -ûs m. a throw coniugium -i n. marriage coniungo -ere -iunxi -iunctum to join coniunx coniugis m./f. husband / wife coniuratio -onis f. conspiracy coniuratus -i m. conspirator coniuro -are -avi -atum to conspire / plot conor -ari conatus sum to try conquiro -ere to search for / collect conscendo -ere to climb / embark conscientia -ae f. conscience conscius -e conscious / aware of conscribo -ere to enrol / enlist consecro -are -avi -atum to dedicate consensus -ûs m. agreement / unanimity consentio -ire -sensi -sensum to agree conseo -êre -ui censum to express an opinion / vote consequor -sequi -secutum to follow up / accomplish consero -ere -ui -sertum to connect / tie / join conservo -are -avi -atum to save / keep considero -are -avi -atum to contemplate consido -ere -sedi -sessum to sit down consilium -i n. plan / advice consisto -ere -stiti to halt / stand still consobrinus -i m. cousin consolatio -onis f. consolation / comfort conspicio -ere -spexi -spectumto see / perceive conspicor -ari -atum to catch sight of constantia -ae f. determination / persistance constat -are -stitit it is well known constituo -ere -ui -utum to set up / decide consto -are -stiti -staturus to consist of consuesco -ere -suevi -suetum to become accustomed consuetudo -inis f. custom / habit consul -is m. consul consularis -e consular consulatus -ûs m. consulship consulo -ere -ui -sultum to ask advise of / consult consultum -i n. decree consumo -ere -sumpsi -sumptum to eat / consume contemno -ere -tempsi -temptumto despise / value little contemptio -onis f. contempt contendo -ere -tendi -tentum to strive for / struggle contentio -onis f. argument contentus -a -um satisfied contexo -ere -texui -textum to weave together / construct continens -entis m. continent contineo -êre -ui contentum to hold together / keep contingit -ere contigit to happen contingo -ere -tigi -tentum to hold together / contain continuo immediately / right away continuus -a -um successive contio -onis f. assembly / address contra (acc.) against contra on the contrary contraho -ere -traxi -tractum to draw together / contract contravenio -ire -veni -ventumto assemble contravenit it is befitting controversia -ae f. dispute / quarrel contumelia -ae f. insult / outrage conturbo -are -avi -atum to throw into confusion convenio -ire -veni -ventum to come together conversatio -onis f. conversation conventus -ûs m. assembly / meeting converto -ere -verti -versum to turn / turn about convicium -i n. insult convivium -i n. feast / party convoco -are -avi -atum to assemble coorior cooriri coortus sum to arise copia -ae f. supply / abundance copiae -arum f.pl. forces / troops copiose fully / at length / copiously copiosus -a -um abundant / rich / full coqua -ae f. cook (f.) coquo -ere coxi coctum to cook coquus -i m. cook cor cordis n. heart coram in person / face to face cornû -ûs n. horn / antler / wing (army) corona -ae f. crown corpus -oris n. body corrigo -ere -rexi -rectum to make right / correct corripio -ere -ripui -reptum to seize / snatch up corrumpo -ere -rupi -ruptum to spoil / corrupt / waste corvus -i m. raven / crow cotidianus -a -um daily / usual cotidie daily cottidie daily / every day cras tomorrow crassus -a -um fat crastinus -a -um tomorrow's creatio -onis f. creation creator -oris m. creator creatura -ae f. creature creber -bra -brum crowded / thick / frequent creditor -oris m. creditor credo -ere credidi creditum to believe / trust creo -are -avi -atum to elect cresco -ere crevi cretum to grow crimen -inis n. fault / guilt crines -ium n.pl. hair croceus -a -um yellow crocodilus -i m. crocodile cruciatus -ûs m. torture crudelis -e cruel crudelitas -atis f. cruelty crudus -a -um crude cruentus -a -um bloody / blood-thirsty crus cruris n. leg crustularius -i n. pastry baker crustulum -i n. pastry / cookie crustum -i n. cake / bread crux crucis f. cross cubiculum -i n. bedroom cucumis -eris m. cucumber culina -ae f. kitchen culpa -ae f. blame / fault culpo -are -avi -atum to blame culter -tris m. knife cultura -ae f. cultivation cultus -ûs m. adornment / dress / education cum (abl.) with cum when / since / although cum primum as soon as possible cumulus -i m. pile cunctatio -onis f. delay cunctator -oris m. delayer cunctor -ari -atum to hesitate / delay cunctus -a -um all cuniculus -i m. rabbit cupide eagerly cupido -inis f. desire cupidus -a -um desirous / eager / fond cupio -ere cupivi cupitum to desire / long for cupitas -tatis f. eagerness / greed cur why cura -ae f. care/anxiety curia -ae f. senate house curiosus -a -um curious / inquisitive curo -are -avi -atum to take care of curriculum -i n. raceground / lap / chariot curro -ere cucurri cursum to run currus -ûs m. chariot cursus -ûs m. course / speed curtus -a -um short curvus -a -um curved / crooked / wrong custodia -ae f. custody custodio -ire -ivi -itum to guard custos -odis m./f. guard / sentinel cutis -is m. skin damno -are -avi -atum to convict / find guilty damnus -i m. loss / damage de (abl.) down from / from / about dea -ae f. goddess debeo -êre -ui -itum to owe / ought debilito -are -avi -atum to weaken decedo -ere -cessi -cessurus to move away / withdraw / die decem ten decerno -ere -crevi -cretum to decide / determine decerto -are -avi -atum to fight it out / contend decet it befits decet me it suits me decido -ere -cidi to fall down decimus -a -um tenth decipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to deceive declaro -are -avi -atum to declare / proclaim declivus -e sloping / downward decor -oris m. beauty / grace decorus -a -um right / proper decretum -i n. decree decurro -ere -curri -cursum to run down / run toward decus -oris n. honor / glory dedecus -oris n. disgrace dedico -are -avi -atum to dedicate deditio -onis f. surrender deditus -a -um devoted to / addicted to dedo -ere -didi -ditum to give up / surrender deduco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead down / launch / escort defectio -onis f. defection / revolt defendo -ere -fendi -fensum to defend / drive off defensor -oris m. protector / guards / defenses defero -ferre -tuli -latum to carry / drive down / report defessus -a -um worn out / tired deficio -ere -feci -fectum to revolt / fail defigo -ere -fixi -fixum to fix definio -ire -ivi -itum to describe exactly / define defixio -onis f. curse deformis -e ugly degredior -gredi -gressum to step down / march down degusto -are -avi -atum to taste deicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw down / throw deiectus -a -um disappointed / dejected deinde next / then delabor -labi -lapsus sum to fall / collapse delectatio -onis f. delight / pleasure / enjoyment delecto -are -avi -atum to please / delight deleo -êre -evi -etum to blot out / destroy delibero -are -avi -atum to consider / deliberate deliciae -arum f.pl. darling / sweetheart delictum -i n. wrong / transgression deligo -ere -legi -lectum to select delphinus -i m. dolphin delubrum -i n. shrine / temple demens -mentis insane / foolish / demented dementia -ae f. insanity deminuo -ere -minui -minutum to lessen demitto -ere -misi -missum to let down / lower demonstro -are -avi -atum to point out demoveo -êre -movi -motum to dismiss / move out of demum at last denarius -ii m. denarius denique finally / at last dens dentis m. tooth densus -a -um thick / dense denuntio -are -avi -atum to denounce / reveal depello -ere -puli -pulsum to drive off / push down dependeo -êre to hang down / depend upon depono -ere -posui -positum to lay down / lay aside deporto -are -avi -atum to bring down / deport deprecor -are -avi -atum to avert by prayer deprehendo -ere -di -sum to catch depromo -ere to bring out derideo -êre -risi -risum to mock / make fun of deripio -ere -ripui -reptum to tear down / snatch descendo -ere -scendi -scensumto climb down / descend descriptio -onis f. description desero -ere deserui desertum to leave / abandon / desert deserta -orum n.pl. desert / wilderness desiderium -i n. longing / desire desidero -are -avi -atum to desire / long for / miss desidiosus -a -um lazy designo -are -avi -atum to mark out desilio -ire -ui to leap down desino -ere desii desitum to cease / desist desipio -ere to act foolishly desisto -ere -stiti -stiturus to desist / give up desperatio -onis f. desparation / hopelessness despero -are -avi -atum to despair of despicio -ere -spexi -spectum to look down on / despise destinatus -a -um resolved / resolute / firm destino -are -avi -atum intend destringo -ere to draw out / pull out desum -esse -fui -futurus to fail / be lacking desuper from above deterreo -êre -ui -itum to frighten off / deter detestor -are -atus sum to curse detraho -ere -traxi -tractum to pull down detrimentum -i n. loss / injury deturbo -are -avi -atum to thrust down deus -i m. god deversorium -i n. inn devoco -are -avi -atum to call down / call away devolo -ere -volvi -volutum to roll down devoro -are -avi -atum to devour / eat up dexter -tra -trum right dextra -ae f. right hand di immortales! immortal gods!
di superi! ye gods above!
diabolus -i m. devil dico -ere dixi dictum to speak / say dictator -oris m. dictator dictito -are -avi -atum to keep saying / insist dicto -are -avi -atum to say repeatedly / dictate dictum -i n. saying / word diduco -ere -duxi -ductum to divide dies diei m./f. day dies natalis diei natalis m.birthday differo -fere distuli dilatum to spread / scatter / differ difficilis -e difficult / hard difficiliter with difficulty difficultas -tatis f. difficulty / hardship diffugio -ere -fugi to flee away diffundo -ere -fudi -fussum to spread out / diffuse digitus -i m. finger dignitas -tatis f. worth / character dignus -a -um worthy digredior -i -gressum to go away dilacero -are -avi -atum to tear to pieces dilanio -are -avi -atum to tear to pieces dilectus -ûs m. selection / levy diligens -entis diligent / faithful diligenter carefully diligentia -ae f. care / diligence diligo -ere -lexi -lectum to esteem / love dimico -are -avi -atum to fight dimidium -ii n. half dimitto -ere -misi -missum to send away / dismiss directo directly dirigo -ere -rexi -rectum to direct / steer dirimo -ere -emi -emptum to break off / interrupt diripio -ere -ui direptum to tear to pieces / plunder dirus -a -um dreadful / terrible discedo -ere -cessi -cessum to depart / go away disciplina -ae f. instruction discipula -ae f. female student discipulus -i m. student disco -ere didici disciturusto learn discordia -ae f. dissension discrimen -inis n. distinction / crisis disertus -a -um eloquent dispergo -ere -persi -persum to scatter / disperse dispersus -a -um scattered disputatio -onis f. discussion disputo -are -avi -atum to discuss dissensio -onis f. strife / quarrel dissentio -ire -sensi -sensum to disagree dissimulis -e unlike dissimulo -are -avi -atum to concel / hide dissolvo -ere -solvi -solutum to free / free from debt dissuadeo -êre -suasi -suasum to dissuade distinguo -ere to distinguish distorqueo -êre -torsi -tortumto twist apart / distort distribuo -ere -ui -utum to distribute / divide diu for a long time diutissime for a very long time diutius for a longer time diuturnus -a -um long lasting diversitas -tatis f. difference / diversity diversus -a -um scattered / separate diverto -ere -verti -versum to turn away / divert dives -itis rich divido -ere divisi divisum to separate / divide divinus -a -um divine divitiae -arum f.pl. riches / wealth divus -a -um divine / deified divus -i m. god / the late emperor do dare dedi datum to give doceo -êre docui doctum to teach / show / tell doctrina -ae f. teaching/instruction doctus -a -um learned doleo -êre -ui -iturus to suffer / grieve dolor -oris m. grief / ache dolus -i m. device / trick domesticus -a -um domestic / civil domi at home domicilium -i n. residence domina -ae f. mistress of a household dominatus -ûs m. rule / tyranny dominor -ari -atus sum (dat.) to rule / dominate dominus -i m. lord/master domus -ûs f. house / home / family donec until dono -are -avi -atum to give / present donum -i n. gift dormio -ire -ivi -itum to sleep dorsum -i n. back dubitatio -onis f. doubt dubito -are -avi -atum to doubt / hesitate dubium dubi n. doubt dubius -a -um doubtful ducenti two hundred duco -ere duxi ductum to lead dulcis -e sweet / pleasant dum while / until / as long as dummodo provided duo -ae -o two duodecim twelve duodecimus -a -um twelfth duodequinquaginta forty-eight duodesexaginta fifty-eight duodeviginti eighteen duplico -are -avi -atum to double duritia -ae f. hardness duro -are -avi -atum to harden / last / endure durus -a -um hard / tough / cruel dux ducis m. leader e (abl.) from ebrius -a -um drunk eburneus -a -um made of ivory ecce behold!
ecclesia -ae f. church ecquis ecquid any one at all edico -ere -dixi -dictum announce / declare / appoint edictum -i n. decree / edict editus -a -um raised / elavated edo edere edidi editum to bring forth / produce edo -ere edi esum to eat educo -are -avi -atum to bring up / educate educo -ere -duxi -ductum to lead out effero -ere extuli elatum to bear / report / carry out efficio -ere -feci -fectum to make / accomplish / finish effigies -ei f. portrait effingo -ere -finxi -fictum to express / represent effodio -ere -fodi -fossum to dig up / dig out effringo -ere -fregi -fractum to break down effugio -ere -fugi -fugiturus to flee from / escape effundo -ere -fudi -fusum to pour out egeo -ere egui to need / lack / want ego I egredior -gredi -gressus sum to go out egregius -a -um excellent / distinguished eheu alas
eicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw out / drive out elabor elabi elapsus sum to escape elegans elegantis elegant elegantia -ae f. elegance / refinement elementum -i n. element elephantus -i m. elephant eligo -ere -ui -itum to lure / entice / choose eloquens -entis eloquent eloquentia -ae f. eloquence eloquium -i n. the art of public speaking eludo -ere -ludi -lusum to slip past / trick / outwit emendo -are -avi -atum to correct / emend emitto -ere -misi -missum to throw / send out emo -ere emi emptum to buy emoveo -ere -movi -motum to move away / remove en look!
enim for enormis -e enormous enormiter enormously enumero -are -avi -atum to count up / enumerate enuntio -are -avi -atum to announce / report eo to that place / there eo ire ii itum to go / move eodem to the same place epigramma -atis n. short-poem / epigram epistula -ae f. letter / epistle epulae -arum f.pl. food / dishes eques -itis m. horseman / knight equester -tris -tre relating to the Roman knights equidem indeed / truly / for my part equitatus -ûs m. cavalry equito -are -avi -atum to ride a horse equus -i m. horse erectus -a -um upright / erect / high ergo therefore ergâ (acc.) toward erigo -ere -rexi -rectum to raise up / excite / arouse eripio -ere -ripui -reptum to snatch away / tear out erro -are -avi -atum to be wrong / make a mistake error -oris m. mistake erubesco -ere -ui to blush erudio -ire -ivi -itum to educate / instruct eruditus -a -um learned erumpo -ere -rupi -ruptum to break away / break out eruptio -onis f. bursting forth / attack erus -i m. master of the house / owner essedarius -i m. charioteer essedum -i n. chariot esurio -ire -ivi -itum to be hungry et also et and et ... et ... both ... and ... etenim for / and indeed etiam even / yet / still etsi even if / although / and yet euge hurrah / excellent
evado -ere evasi evasum to escape / go out evangelium -ii n. good news / gospel evenio -ire -veni -ventum to come out / happen eventus -ûs m. occurrence / result everto -ere -verti -versum to overturn evolo -are -avi -atum to fly out ex (abl) out from / from / out of exanimo -are -avi -atum to deprive of breath / kill excedo -ere -cessi -cessum to go out / exceed excellens -entis excellent excellentia -ae f. excellence excello -ere -celsi -celsum to be superior / excel excelsus -a -um lofty / elevated excipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to take out / capture excito -are -avi -atum to awake / arouse exclamo -are -avi -atum to cry out / call out excludo -ere -clusi -clusum to shut out / exclude excrucio -are -avi -atum to torture / torment excusatio -onis f. excuse exemplar -aris n. model / pattern / original exemplum -i n. example exeo -ire -ii to go out exerceo -êre -ui -itum to train / exercise exercitatio -onis f. training / exercise / practice exercitus -ûs m. army exhaurio -ire -hausi -haustum I drain out / empty exigo -ere -egi -actum to drive out / exact / demand exiguus -a -um small / tiny eximius -a -um extraordinary / excellent existimo -are -avi -atum to estimate / think exitium -i n. destruction / ruin exitus -ûs m. outcome / end exoro -are -avi -atum to win over / appease expecto -are -avi -atum to wait for expedio -ire -ivi -itum to dispatch / set free expello -ere -pulsi -pulsum to drive out / expell expendo -ere -pendi -pensum to pay out / weight out experior -iri expertum to try / test / experience expleo -êre -plevi -pletum to fill up / complete explico -are -avi -atum to explain explorator -oris m. scout / spy exploro -are -avi -atum to find out / investigate expono -ere -posui -positum to disembark / expose exporto -are -avi -atum to carry out / export exposco -ere -poposci to implore / entreat / demand exprimo -ere -pressi -pressum to represent / portray expugnatio -onis f. storming / sack expugno -are -avi -atum to capture / take by storm exquisitus -a -um exquisite / excellent exsilium -i n. exile exsisto -ere -stiti to stand forth / exist / be exsolvo -ere -solvi -solutum to loosen / free / release exspecto -are -avi -atum to wait for exstinguo -ere to extinguish exsto -are -stiti -stitum to stand out exstruo -ere -struxi -structumto pile up / build exsul -is m. exile exsulto -are -avi to exult / be triumphant exta -orum n.pl. entrails extemplo immediately extendo -ere -tendi -tentum to stretch out / extend externus -a -um foreign exterreo -êre -ui -itum to terrify exterus -a -um outer / foreign extorqueo -êre -torsi -tortum to twist away / extort extra (acc.) beyond / outside extraho -ere -traxi -tractum to drag out / take out extraordinarius -a -um not common / beyond the norm extremus -a -um outermost / extreme / farthest exuo -ere exui exutum to take off / strip faba -ae f. broad bean faber -bri m. worker / craftsman fabrico -are -avi -atum to make / construct fabula -ae f. story facetus -a -um witty facies faciei f. face facile easily facilis -e easy facinus -oris n. deed / crime facio -ere feci factum to make / do factio -onis f. faction / party factum -i n. deed / achievement facultas -tatis f. possibility / opportunity fallo -ere fefelli falsum to deceive / trick falsus -a -um false fama -ae f. reputation / rumor fames -is f. hunger familia -ae f. household familiaris -is m. relative / close friend famis -is m. hunger famosus -a -um renowned / famous / notorious famula -ae f. handmaid fanum -i n. shrine farina -ae f. floor farreum -i n. spelt-cake fas n. divine right / sacred duty fascia -ae f. bandage / band fastidium -i n. distain fateor -êri fassus sum to confess / admit / disclose fatigo -are -avi -atum to tire out / harass fatum -i n. fate fauces -ium f. throat faveo -êre favi fautum (dat.) to support / favor favor -oris m. favor / goodwill fax facis f. torch / firebrand feles -is f. cat felicitas -tatis f. happiness feliciter happily felinus -a -um feline felix felicis fortunate / prosperous femina -ae f. woman fenestra -ae f. window fera -ae f. wild animal ferculum -i n. tray / course fere almost / nearly / generally feriae -arum f. holidays fero ferre tuli latum to bear / carry / bring ferociter fiercely ferrarius -ii n. blacksmith ferreus -a -um made of iron / cruel ferox -ocis fierce ferrum -i n. iron fertilis -e fruitful / fertile ferus -a -um wild / savage fessus -a -um tired festinatio -onis f. haste festino -are -avi -atum to hasten / hurry festum -i n. feast fibula -ae f. safety pin / brooch ficus -i m. fig-tree fidelis -e faithful fideliter faithfully / loyally fides -ei f. faith / trust fiducia -ae f. trust / confidence fidus -a -um loyal / trustworthy figo -ere fixi fixum to fasten / attach / fix figura -ae f. form / size filia -ae f. daughter filiola -ae f. little daughter filius -i m. son fingo -ere finxi fictum to invent / fashion finio -ire -ivi -itum to finish / limit finis -is m. end / limit finitimus -a -um bordering on / neighboring fio fieri factus sum to become / be made / happen firmo -are -avi -atum to strengthen / fortify firmus -a -um firm / strong / reliable fistula -ae f. tube / pipe flabilis -e airy flagitium -i n. shameful crime flagito -are -avi -atum to nag at / put pressure on flagro -are -avi -aturus to blaze flamma -ae f. flame flavus -a -um yellow / gold-colored flebilis -e tearful / doleful flecto -ere flexi flexum to bend / turn aside fleo -êre flevi fletum to weep fletus -ûs m. weeping florens -entis flourishing floreo -êre -ui to flourish / prosper flos floris m. flower fluctus -ûs m. wave flumen -inis n. river fluo -ere fluxi fluctum to flow fluvius -i m. river fluxus -a -um flowing / changeable focus -i m. hearth / stove fodio -ere fodi fossum to dig / dig up / pierce foedus -a -um foul / horrible foedus -eris n. agreement / treaty / league folium -i n. leaf fons fontis m. spring / fountain foramen -inis n. hole foris -is f. door forma -ae f. shape / beauty formica -ae f. ant formido -inis f. fear formo -are -avi -atum to form / build formosus -a -um beautiful fors fortis f. chance / accident forsan perhaps fortasse perhaps / maybe forte by chance fortis -e strong / brave fortiter bravely fortitudo -inis f. strength / bravery / courage fortuna -ae f. fortune fortunatus -a -um lucky / fortunate / happy forum -i n. market place fossa -ae f. ditch / trench foveo -êre fovi fotum to cherish fragilis -e fragile / perishable fragor -oris m. crash frango -ere fregi fractum to break / shatter frater -tris m. brother fraterculus -i m. little brother fraudo -are -avi -atum to cheat / defraud fraus fraudis f. deceit freni -orum m. reins frenum -i n. bridle/bit frequens -entis frequent / crowded frequentia -ae f. crowd / throng frequento -are -avi -atum to attend / frequent fretum -i n. strait/channel fretus -a -um relying on frigidus -a -um cold frigus -oris n. cold / coldness / frost frons frondis f. foliage / leaves frons frontis f. forehead fructus -ûs m. fruit / profit / enjoyment frugalitas -tatis f. frugality frumentarius -a -um relating to grain frumentum -i n. grain fruor frui fructus sum (abl.) to enjoy / delight in frustrâ in vain fuga -ae f. escape fugio -ere fugi fugitum to flee fugitivus -i m. fugitive fugo -are -avi -atum to put to flight fulcrum -i n. headrest fulgeo -êre fulsi to glitter / gleam / flash fulgor -oris m. flash of lightning / renown fulmen -inis n. lightning bolt fumus -i m. smoke fundamentum -i n. foundation funditor -oris m. slinger fundo -ere fudi fusum to pour / pour out / rout fundus -i m. farm / country property fungor fungi functum to perform funis -is m. rope funus -eris n. funeral fur -is m. thief furcifer -i m. scoundrel / crook furens -entis furious / in a rage furnus -i m. oven furo -ere to rage furor -ari -atus sum to steal furor -oris m. madness furtificus -a -um thievish furtim stealthily / secretly furtum -i n. theft / robbery fuscus -a -um dark-colored / black / brown fustis -is m. club / stick futurus -a -um future galea -ae f. helmet gallina -ae f. chicken gallus -i m. rooster garrio -ire -ivi -itum to chatter garum -i n. liquamen / fish sauce gaudeo -êre gavisus sum to be pleased / rejoice gaudium -ii n. joy / delight gaza -ae f. treasure geminus -i m. twin gemitus -ûs m. groan gemma -ae f. gem / jewel gemo -ere -ui to groan gens gentis f. tribe / people / clan genu -ûs n. knee genus -eris n. kind / birth / race geometria -ae f. geometry germana -ae f. sister germanus -i m. brother gero -ere gessi gestum to bear / carry / wage gestus -ûs m. gesture gigno -ere genui genitum to produce / give birth to glacies -ei f. ice gladiator -oris m. gladiator gladius -ii m. sword gloria -ae f. glory gradior -i gressus sum to move / step / walk / go gradus -ûs m. pace / step granum -i n. grain gratia (gen.) for the sake of gratia -ae f. gratitude gratis free gratulatio -onis f. congratulation gratulor -ari -atus sum to congratulate gratus -a -um grateful gravis -e heavy / grievous gravitas -tatis f. weight / dignity graviter heavily / seriously gremium -i n. lap grex gregis m. herd / flock grunnio -ire -ivi -itum to grunt like a pig gubernator -toris m. helmsman / governor gusto -are -avi -atum to taste gutta -ae f. drop guttur -uris n. throat gymnasium -i n. sport school habena -ae f. strap habenae -arum f.pl. reins habeo -êre -ui -itum to have / hold / consider habito -are -avi -atum to live / dwell / abide haereo -êre haesi haesum to stick / cling haesito -are -avi -atum to hesitate hama -ae f. bucket hamus -i m. hook harena -ae f. sand / arena haruspex haruspicis m. diviner / soothsayer hasta -ae f. spear / javelin haud not / not at all haudquaquam not at all haurio -ire hausi haustum to drain / draw herba -ae f. grass hereditas -tatis f. inheritance heres heredis m. heir heri yesterday herus -i m. master of the house / owner hesternus -a -um of yesterday heu ah!
heus hey!
hiberna -orum n. winter quarters hic here hic haec hoc this hiemo -are -avi -atum to spend the winter hiems -is f. winter hinc from here historia -ae f. story hodie today hodiernus -a -um of today holus -eris n. vegetable homo -inis m. man / human being homunculus -i m. little man / pip-squeak honestus -a -um honorable / respectable honor -oris m. honor honoro -are -avi -atum to honor hora -ae f. hour hordeum -i n. barley horrendus -a -um horrible / dreadful horreo -êre -ui to dread / tremble horreum -i n. barn / granary horribilis -e horrible horridus -a -um rough / shaggy / bristly horror -oris m. fright / dread hortor -ari hortatum to urge / incite hortus -i m. garden hospes -itis m./f. guest / friend hospitalis -e relating to a guest hospitium -i n. hospitality hospitium -i n. inn hostia -ae f. victim / sacrifice hostis -is m. enemy huc hither / to this place hui oh!
humanitas -tatis f. kindness / culture humanus -a -um human / humane / refined humidus -a -um humid humilis -e humble / lowly humilitas -tatis f. humility humus -i m. soil / ground hypocrita -ae m. hypocrite iaceo -êre -ui to lie / be at rest iacio -ere ieci iactum to throw / hurl / cast iacto -are -avi -atum to throw iactura -ae f. loss / sacrifice iaculum -i n. dart / javelin iam now / already iamdudum for a long time ianua -ae f. door ibi there ibidem in the same place id it idcirco therefore idem eadem idem same identidem again and again / repeatedly idoneus -a -um suitable iecur -oris n. liver ientaculum -i n. breakfast igitur therefore ignarus -a -um not knowing / ignorant ignavia -ae f. laziness ignavus -a -um lazy igneus -a -um fiery ignis -is m. fire ignominia -ae f. disgrace ignorantia -ae f. ignorance / laziness ignoro -are -avi -atum to not know ignosco -ere -novi -notum to pardon / excuse ignotus -a -um unknown / strange / unfamiliar illacrimo -are -avi -atum to weep over ille illa illud that illic in that place illinc from that place illo to that place illuc there / thither illucesco -ere -luxi to grow bright illudo -ere -lusi -lusum to mock / ridicule illumino -are -avi -atum to light up / make clear imago -inis f. image / likeness / statue imber -bris m. rainstorm imitor -ari -atus sum to imitate immanis -e huge / immense immemor -oris forgetful immensus -a -um unmeasurable / immense immerito undeservedly / unjustly immineo -êre to threaten / hang over immisceo -ere -miscui -mixtum to mix in / intermingle immo on the contrary immodicus -a -um excessive / immoderate immolo -are -avi -atum to sacrifice / offer to gods immortalis -e immortal immortalitas -tatis f. immortality immotus -a -um still / motionless impatiens -entis impatient impedimentum -i n. hindrance impedio -ire -ivi -itum to entangle / hinder impello -ere -puli -pulsum to drive on / influence impendeo -êre -pendi to hang over / threaten impendo -ere -pendi -pensum to spend imperator -oris m. general / commander imperium -i n. command / empire impero -are -avi -atus (dat.) to command / order / govern impetro -are -avi -atum to obtain by asking impetus -ûs m. attack / assault impleo -êre -evi -etum to fill up / complete impluvium -i n. rain basin impono -ere -posui -positum to put on / place on importo -are -avi -atum to import impotens -entis out of control / immoderate imprimis especially / particularly improbus -a -um wicked improvidus -a -um improvident improvisus -a -um unforeseen impudens -entis shameless / impudent impudenter shamelessly / impudently impunitus -a -um unpunished / unrestrained imus -a -um lowest / deepest / last in (abl.) in in (acc.) into inanis -e empty / unsubstantial inaures -ium f. earrings incendium -i n. fire / conflagration incendo -ere -cendi -censum to set fire to / burn incertus -a -um uncertain / doubtful incido -ere -cidi -casurus to fall upon / happen incipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to begin / commence incito -are -avi -atum to incite includo -ere -clusi -clusum to shut in / enclose incola -ae f. inhabitant incolo -ere -ui incultum to dwell in / inhabit incolumis -e safe / unharmed incommodum -i n. inconvenience incorruptus -a -um genuine / pure incredibilis -e unbelievable incultus -a -um unsophisticated / not cultured inde from that place / thence index -icis m informer / witness indicium -ii n. sign / evidence indico -ere -dixi -dictum to proclaim / declare indignitas -tatis f. vileness / laziness indignus -a -um unworthy indoctus -a -um uneducated / ignorant induco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead in / influence induo -ere indui indutum to put on industria -ae f. industry industrius -a -um industrious / diligent indutiae -arum f. truce ineo inire inii initurus to enter / begin / undertake ineptio -ire to play the fool / trifle inermis -e unarmed iners -ertis inactive / idle inertia -ae f. inactivity / sloth infandus -a -um unspeakable / wicked infans infantis m./f. little child infantia -ae f. infancy infelix -icis unlucky inferi -orum m.pl. the dead inferior -ius low / inferior infero -ferre -tuli -latum to bring in / inflict inferus -a -um below / of the lower world infestus -a -um unsafe / hostile infidelis -e unfaithful infinitus -a -um unlimited / infinite infirmus -a -um weak / feeble inflammo -are -avi -atum to set on fire / inflame informis -e formless / deformed / hideous infortunatus -a -um unfortunate infra (acc.) below / under infundo -ere -fudi -fusum to pour in or on ingenium -ii n. talent / genius ingens -tis huge ingratus -a -um unpleasant / ungrateful ingredior -gredi -gressus sum to go in / enter inhabito -are -avi -atum to live in / inhabit inhumanus -a -um barbarous / savage inicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw on / inspire inimicitia -ae f. hostility inimicus -a -um unfriendly inimicus -i m. personal enemy iniquus -a -um uneven / unjust initium -i n. beginning iniuria -ae f. injury / injustice / wrong iniustus -a -um unjust inlustris -e bright / distinguished innocens -entis harmless / blameless inopia -ae f. need / lack inops -opis poor / needy inquam (inquit) to say (he says) inrideo -ere -risi -risum to laugh at insania -ae f. insanity insanus -a -um crazy / insane insciens -entis unknowing / unaware inscitia -ae f. ignorance inscribo -ere to inscribe insequor insequi insecutum to follow up / pursue insidiae -arum f.pl. ambush / treachery insidior -are -avi -atum to lie in wait / plot insigne -is n. sign / signal insignis -e remarkable / prominent insipienter foolishly insisto -ere -stiti to press on / follow / pursue insolenter arrogantly insons -ontis guiltless / innocent inspicio -ere -spexi -spectum to look at / inspect instituo -ere -ui -utum to draw up / teach / appoint institutum -i n. undertaking insto -are -stiti -staturus to press on / be at hand instrumentum -i n. equipment instruo -ere -struxi -structumto build up / instruct insula -ae f. island insula -ae f. apartment building insum -esse -fui -futurus to be in / be found in insurgo -ere to rise up integer -gra -grum untouched / whole intellego -ere -lexi -lectum to understand / learn intendo -ere -tendi -tentum to strive for / aim / intend intente intently intentus -a -um (abl) intent (on) inter (acc.) among / between intercedo -ere -cessi -cessum to come between / intervene intercludo -ere -clusi -clusumto shut off / hinder interdiu during the day interdum sometimes / now and then interea meanwhile intereo -ire -ii -iturus to perish / be killed interest -esse -fuit it concerns interficio -ere -feci -fectum to kill / destroy interim meanwhile interior -ius inner / interior intermitto -ere -misi -missum to stop / interrupt interpono -ere -posui -positumto place between / intersperse interpretor -ari -atum to explain / interpret interrogatio -onis f. interrogation / inquiry interrogo -are -avi -atum to ask / question / examine intersum -esse -fui to take part in intervallum -i n. interval intra (acc.) within / inside intro -are -avi -atum to walk into / enter introduco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead in / introduce intueor -êri -intuitum to gaze at / watch intus within inutilis -e useless invado -ere -vasi -vasum to enter on / move against invalidus -a -um weak invenio -ire -veni -ventum to come upon / find inventor -oris m. inventor investigo -are -avi -atum to investigate invictus -a -um unconquered / unconquerable invideo -êre -vidi -visum to envy invidia -ae f. envy / jealousy invisus -a -um hated / hateful invito -are -avi -atum to invite / summon invitus -a -um unwilling / reluctant iocor -ari -atus sum to joke / jest iocose in jest iocus -i m. joke / jest ipse ipsa ipsum self / in person ira -ae f. anger irascor irasci iratus sum to grow angry iratus -a -um angered / angry irritabilis -e irritable irrumpo -ere irrupi to burst in / burst into is ea id this / that / he / she / it iste ista istud that (of yours) ita so / thus ita vero yes Italia -ae f. Italy itaque therefore item likewise / also / besides iter itineris n. journey iterum again iubeo -êre iussi iussum to order / bid / command iucunditas -tatis f. pleasantness / delight / charm iucundus -a -um pleasing / delightful iudex -icis m. judge iudicium -i n. trial iudico -are -avi -atum to judge / decide iugum -i n. yoke iumentum -i n. beast of burden iungo -ere iunxi iunctum to join / unite iure rightly iurisperitus -a -um expert in the law iuro -are -avi -atum to take an oath ius iuris n. soup ius iuris n. right / law iussum -i n. order iustitia -ae f. justice iustus -a -um just / upright iuvenis -is m. a young man iuventus -tutis f. youth iuvo -are -avi -atum to help / assist iuxta (acc.) near / close to labor labori lapsus sum to slip / glide labor -oris m. labor / toil / exertion laboro -are -avi -atum to suffer / toil labrum -i n. lip lac lactis n. milk lacerna -ae f. cape lacesso -ere -ivi -itum to harass / attack lacrima -ae f. tear lacrimo -are -avi -atum to cry / weep lactuca -ae f. lettuce lacunar -aris n. paneled ceiling lacus -ûs m. lake laedo -ere laesi laesum to harm laetans -antis rejoicing laete happily laetitia -ae f. joy / pleasure laetor -ari -atum to rejoice laetus -a -um joyful / happy / glad lambo -ere lambi to lick lana -ae f. wool laniena -ae f. a butcher's shop lanius -i m. butcher lapis -idis m. stone largior -iri -itum to lavish / bestow / bribe lassitudo -inis f. weariness lassus -a -um tired / weary lateo -êre -ui to lurk / lie hidden latitudo -tudinis f. width latrina -ae f. toilet latro -are -avi -atum to bark latro -onis m. robber latrocinium latrocini n. robbery latus -a -um wide / broad latus -eris n. side / flank laudator -oris m. praiser laudo -are -avi -atum to praise laus laudis f. praise / glory lavo -are lavi lautum to wash / bathe lectica -ae f. litter lectio -onis f. lesson lector -oris m. reader lectus -i m. bed legatio -onis f. embassy legatus -i m. legate / envoy legio -onis f. legion / body of soldiers lego -are -avi -atum to appoint lego -ere legi lectum to pick / gather / read lenis -e soft / smooth / gentle lenitas -tatis f. softness / gentleness leniter gently lente slowly leo -onis m. lion lepra -ae f. scaliness lepus -oris m. hare levis -e not heavy / light levo -are -avi -atum to lighten / relieve lex legis f. law libellus -i m. little book libenter gladly / willingly liber libri m. book liber -a -um free liberalis -e kindly / generously liberalitas -tatis f. generosity / liberality liberator -oris m. liberator libere freely liberi -orum m. children libero -are -avi -atum to free libertas -tatis f. liberty libertus -i m. freedman libido -onis f. pleasure / lust / passion librarium -i n. bookcase licentia -ae f. freedom / lawlessness licet -êre licuit it is permitted licitator -oris m. bidder licitus -a -um lawful lictor -oris m. lictor ligneus -a -um wooden / made of wood lignum -i n. firewood / timber ligo -are -avi -atum to bind / tie lilium -i n. lily limen -inis n. threshhold / entrance linea -ae f. line / stripe lingua -ae f. tongue linteum -i n. linen / napkin lis litis f. dispute / quarrel / lawsuit littera -ae f. letter litterae -arum f. letter / epistle litus -oris n. shore / coast loco -are -avi -atum to place / put locutio -onis f. phrase / expression locuples -etis rich locus -i m. place longe far longinquitas -tatis f. distance / remoteness longinquus -a -um distant longus -a -um long loquax locquacis talkative loquor loqui locutus sum to speak lorica -ae f. breastplate lucerna -ae f. lamp lucidus -a -um clear / bright lucrum -i n. profit lucus -i m. sacred grove ludibrium -i n. mockery ludibundus -a -um playful ludo -ere lusi lusum to play ludus -i m. game / school lugeo -êre luxi luctum to mourn / lament lumen -inis n. light luna -ae f. moon lupa -ae f. she-wolf lupus -i m. wolf luridus -a -um pale lustro -are -avi -atum to light up / illuminate lutum -i n. mud / mire / dirt lux lucis f. light luxuria -ae f. luxury lynchus -i m. lamp lyra -ae f. lyre macellum -i n. produce market macer -era -erum thin macula -ae f. spot / stain maeror -oris m sadness maestus -a -um sad / sorrowful magicus -a -um magical / magic magis more / rather magister -stri m. master / teacher magistratus -ûs m. magistrate magnificens -entis magnificent magnificus -a -um magnificent / fantastic magnitudo -tudinis f. size / great size magnopere greatly magnus -a -um great / large maiestas -tatis f. grandeur male badly maleficium -i n. bad deed malo malle malui to prefer / choose malum -i n. apple malum -i n. evil malus -a -um bad / evil malus -i m. mast mamma -ae f. breast mandatum -i n. order / command mando -are -avi -atum to entrust mane in the morning maneo -êre mansi mansurus to stay / remain manifestus -a -um evident mansuetudo -inis f. gentleness / kindness manus -ûs f. hand mare -is n. sea margo -inis f. edge maritimus -a -um of the sea maritus -i m. husband / spouse mater -tris m. mother materia -ae f. material / matter materies -ei f. material matrimonium -ii n. marriage matrona -ae f. married woman maturus -a -um ripe / mature / early maxime very greatly / most of all maximus -a -um very big / very great mecum with me medicina -ae f. medicine medicus -i m. doctor mediocris -e moderate / inferior / short meditor -ari -atus sum to reflect upon / reflect medium -i n. middle medius -a -um in the middle / middle mel mellis n. honey melius better membrum -i n. limb / part of the body memini meminisse to remember / think of memoralibis -e memorable memoria -ae f. memory memoro -are -avi -atum to mention mendacium -i n. lie mendax -acis lying / mendacious / untrue mendosus -a -um full of faults / faulty mens mentis f. mind / opinion mensa -ae f. table mensis -is m. month mensura -ae f. measurement mercator -oris m. merchant merces -edis f. pay / wages mereo -êre -ui -itum to deserve / earn mereor -eri meritum to deserve / be worthy of mergo -ere mersi mersum to dip / engulf / sink meridianus -a -um of midday / noon / southern meridies meridiei m. noon meritum -i n. merit meritus -a -um worthy / deserving merus -a -um pure / mere merx mercis f. goods / ware / merchandise -met -self meta -ae f. turning-post metior metiri mensum to measure / distribute metuo -ere -ui to fear / dread metus -ûs m. fear / dread meus -a -um my migro -are -avi -atum to remove / depart / migrate milia -ium n.pl. thousands miles -itis m. soldier militaris -e military militia -ae f. military service mille thousand mimus -i m. comic opera minae -arum f.pl. threats / menace minax -acis projecting / threatening minime no / very little minimus -a -um least / smallest minister -stri m. assistant minor minari minatus sum to jut forth / threaten minor minus smaller / less minuo -ere -ui -utum to lessen / diminish mirabilis -e marvelous / strange miraculum -i n. miracle miror mirari miratum to wonder / marvel mirus -a -um amazing misceo -êre -ui mixtum to mix / blend miser -a -um poor / unhappy misere miserably / terribly much misericordia -ae f. mercy / pity mitigo -are -avi -atum to soothe / calm mitis -e mild / gentle / ripe mitto -ere misi missum to send modestia -ae f. modesty modestus -a -um modest modo only / just now modo ... modo ... at one time ... at another ... modus -i m. measure / manner moenia -ium n. city walls moles -is f. mass / heap / difficulty molestia -ae f. annoyance / trouble molestus -a -um troublesome / annoying molior -iri -itus sum to work at / build / plan mollio -ire -ivi -itum to soften mollis -e soft / supple momentum -i n. movement / influence moneo -êre -ui -itum to warn / advise monile -is n. necklace monitio -onis f. admonition / warning mons montis m. mountain monstro -are -avi -atum to show / point out monstrum -i n. monster monumentum -i n. monument mora -ae f. delay morbus -i m. sickness mordeo -êre momordi morsum to bite morior mori mortuus sum to die / expire mors mortis f. death mortalis -e mortal mortuus -a -um dead mos moris m. custom / habit motus -ûs m. movement moveo -êre movi motum to move / stir mox soon mugitus -ûs m. lowing / bellowing / mooing mulier -eris f. woman / wife multi -ae -a many multitudo -tudinis f. great number / multitude multo much multo -are -avi -atum to punish / fine multus -a -um much mundus -i m. world / universe municipium -i n. borough munimentum -i n. fortification / protection munio -ire -ivi -itum to fortify / defend munitio -onis f. fortification munus -eris n. duty / gift murmuro -are -avi -atum to murmur murus -i m. wall mus muris m./f. mouse musa -ae f. muse musculus -i m. muscle musica -ae f. music musicus -i m. musician mutatio -onis f. change muto -are -avi -atum to change nam for namque inasmuch as nanciscor nancisci natum to get / obtain / find narro -are -avi -atum to tell nascor nasci natum to be born nasus -i m. nose natalis -is m. birthday natio -onis f. nation / tribe nato -are -avi -atum to swim natura -ae f. birth / nature natus -a -um born naufragium -i n. shipwreck nausea -ae f. sea-sickness nauta -ae m. sailor nauticus -a -um nautical / naval navicula -ae f. little boat navigatio -onis f. voyage / navigation navigium -i n. ship navigo -are -avi -atum to sail navis navis f. ship -ne ? ne that not / lest ne ... an ... whether ... or ... ne ... quidem ... not even nebulosus -a -um misty nec and not / nor nec ... nec ... neither ... nor ... necessarius -a -um necessary / critical necesse necessary / inevitable necessitas -tatis f. need / necessity necessitudo -inis f. relationship / connection neco -are -avi -atum to kill nectar -aris n. nectar nefarius -a -um unspeakable / wicked nefas n. wrong / sin neglegens -entis careless neglego -ere -lexi -lectum disregard / neglect neglentia -ae f. neglect nego -are -avi -atum to deny negotium -i n. business nemo nullius m./f. no one / nobody nemus -oris n. grove nenia -ae f. dirge/lullaby nepos -otis m. grandchild neque and not / nor neque ... neque ... neither ... nor ... nequitia -ae f. worthlessness nervus -i m. sinew / tendon nescio -ire -ivi -itum to be ignorant / not know neu and not / nor neuter -tra -trum neither (of two) neve and not / nor nex necis f. death / murder nidus -eris m. nest niger nigra nigrum black nihil nothing / nothing at all nihilominus nevertheless nihilum -i n. nothing nil nothing / nothing at all nimbus -i m. cloud nimis too much nimius -a -um too much nisi unless nisi quod except that niteo -êre -ui to shine / glitter nitor niti nisus sum to strive / make an effort niveus -a -um snowy / snow-white nix nivis f. snow nobilis -e well-known / noble nobilitas -tatis f. fame / nobility noceo -êre -ui -iturus to do harm / hurt noctu in the night nocturnus -a -um nocturnal / during the night nodus -i m. knot nolo nolle nolui to be unwilling / not wish nomen -inis n. name nomino -are -avi -atum to name / appoint non not / by no means non modo ... sed etiam ... not only ... but also ... non nullus some non numquam sometimes nonaginta ninety nondum not yet nongenti nine hundred nonne don't / doesn't ? nonnulli -ae -a some / several nonus -a -um ninth nos we / us nosco -ere novi notum to learn / know noster -tra -trum our nota -ae f. mark / brand notarius -ii m. stenographer notitia -ae f. fame/celebrity noto -are -avi -atum to note / observe notus -a -um well-known / familiar novem nine novitas -tatis f. newness / strangeness novo -are -avi -atum to make new novus -a -um new nox noctis f. night noxius -a -um hurtful / harmful nubes -is f. cloud / mist nubo -ere nupsi nuptum to cover / veil nucleus -i m. nut/kernel nudo -are -avi -atum to strip / uncover nudus -a -um naked / bare / unprotected nugae -arum f.pl. trifles / nonsense nullus -a -um not any / none num surely not num whether numen -inis n. divine spirit numero -are -avi -atum to count numerus -i m. number numquam never nunc now / at present nuntio -are -avi -atum to announce nuntius -i m. message / news nuntius -i m. messenger nuper recently / lately nuptiae -arum f. nuptials nusquam nowhere nuto -are -avi -atum to nod nutrio -ive -ivi -itum to bring up / rear / nourish nympha -ae f. nymph O o! / oh!
ob (acc.) toward / on account of obduro -are -avi -atum to be hard / persist / endure obeo -ire obii obitum to go about / attend to obicio -ere -ieci -iectum to cast in the way obliviscor oblivisci oblitum to forget oboediens -entis (dat.) obedient obruo -ere -rui -rutum to overwhelm / destroy obscurus -a -um dark / gloomy obsecro -are -avi -atum to beg / implore / beseech obsequium -i n. compliance obses obsidis m./f. hostage obsideo -êre obsedi obsessumto besiege obsidio -onis f. siege obsonium -i n. food / shopping obstinatus -a -um firm / resolved obsto -are -stiti to obstruct / block the way obstruo -ere -struxi -structumto block up obstupefacio -ere to amaze / stun obtineo -êre -ui obtentum to hold / keep / occupy occasio -onis f. opportunity occasus -ûs m. setting occido -ere -cidi -cisum to kill / destroy occulte secretly occulto -are -avi -atum to hide occultus -a -um secret / covered up occupatus -a -um busy occupo -are -avi -atum to seize occurro -ere -cucurri -cursus to meet / run against octavus -a -um eighth octingenti eight hundred octo eight octoginta eighty oculus -i m. eye odi odisse osurus to hate odium -i n. hatred offero -ere obtuli oblatum to bear to / offer officina -ae f. workshop officium -i n. duty / service oleo -êre -ui to smell of / stink oleum -i n. oil olim once oliva -ae f. olive tree omen -inis n. sign / omen omitto -ere -misi -missum to let go / omit omnino wholly / only / at all omnipotens -entis all-powerful / omnipotent omnis -e every / all onero -are -avi -atum to burden / load onus -eris n. burden / weight / load opera -ae f. work / pains opes -um f.pl. wealth / resources opinio -onis f. belief / opinion opinor -are -avi -atum to think / suppose oportet it is necessary or proper oppidum -i n. town oppono -ere -posui -positum to set against / oppose opportune conveniently opportunus -a -um opportune / convenient opprimo -ere -pressi -pressum to burden / overthrow opprobrium -i n. reproach oppugnatio -onis f. assault / attack oppugno -are -avi -atum to attack ops opis f. aid / assistance optime very well optimus -a -um best opto -are -avi -atum to wish for opus -eris n. work ora -ae f. shore / coast oraculum -i n. oracle oratio -onis f. speech orator -oris m. speaker / envoy oratorius -a -um oratorical orbis -is m. circle / orb orbis terrarum the world / the earth ordo -inis m. order / rank oriens orientis m. east origo -ginis f. source / origin orior oriri ortus sum to rise / appear ornamentum -i n. ornament orno -are -avi -atum to adorn / equip oro -are -avi -atum to pray ortus -ûs m. rising os oris n. mouth os oris n. face os ossis n. bone oscito -are -avi -atum to yawn osculum -i n. kiss ostendo -ere -tendi -tentum to point out / show ostium -i n. entrance / door otiosus -a -um at leisure / idle otium -ii n. pleasure / leisure / peace ovis -is f. sheep ovum -i n. egg pabulor -ari pabulatus sum to forage / get fodder pabulum -i n. food / nourishment paco -are -avi -atum to pacify / conquer pactum -i n. agreement / compact paedagogus -i m. pedagogue paene almost / nearly paenitet -êre paenituit to be sorry paenula -ae f. raincoat paganus -i m. peasant pagina -ae f. page pagus -i m. district / canton palam openly palatium -i n. palace palla -ae f. palla / wide outer garment pallesco -ere -ui to grow pale pallidus -a -um pale palma -ae f. palm of hand palma -ae f. palm tree palus -udis f. swamp / marsh pando -ere pandi passum to spread out / extend panis -is m. bread par paris equal / like paratus -a -um ready / prepared parco -ere peperci parsum to spare / protect parens parentis m./f. parent parentes -ium m.pl. parents pareo -êre -ui -iturus to obey / submit / comply paries -itis m. wall pario -ere peperi partum to beget / produce paro -are -avi -atum to prepare parricia -ae m. murderer pars partis f. part / portion / faction parum too little parvus -a -um little / small pasco -ere pavi pastum to feed / nourish passer -eris m. sparrow passim far and wide passus -ûs m. pace / stride pastor -oris m. shepherd patefacio -ere -feci -factum to make open / disclose patens -entis open / unprotected pateo -êre -ui to stand open / extend pater -tris m. father patiens -entis patient / capable of enduring patientia -ae f. patience / endurance patior pati passum to suffer / endure patria -ae f. native land patricius -a -um patrician patronus -i m. patron pauci -ae -a few / a few paulatim gradually / little by little paulisper for a short time paulo a little / slightly paulum a little / somewhat pauper pauperis poor paupertas -tatis f. poverty pavimentum -i n. pavement pavo -onis m. peacock pavor -oris m. panic pax pacis f. peace pecco -are -avi -atum to sin / do wrong pectus -oris m. breast / heart pecunia -ae f. money pecus -oris n. cattle / flock pedes -itis m. foot soldier pellis -is f. fur pello -ere pepuli pulsum to drive / rout pendeo -ere pependi to hang pendo -ere pependi pensum to weigh / pay penes (acc.) in the hands of penitus far within / deeply / utterly penna -ae f. feather per (acc.) through percipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to gain / learn / perceive perditus -a -um desperate / hopeless perdo -ere perdidi perditum to lose / destroy / ruin perduco -ere -duxi -ductum to construct / lead through peregrinor -ari -atus sum to sojourn / travel around peregrinus -i m. stranger / foreigner pereo -ire -ii -iturus to perish / be lost perfectus -a -um complete / perfect perfero -ferre -tuli -latum to bring / report perficio -ere -feci -fectum to complete / accomplish perfidia -ae f. perfidy / treachery perfidus -a -um treacherous / untrustworthy perfugio -ere -fugi to take refuge / desert periculosus -a -um dangerous periculum -i n. danger perimo -ere -emi -emptum to destroy peristylum -i n. courtyard peritus -a -um (w. gen.) familiar with / skilled permaneo -êre -mansi -mansurusto continue / remain permitto -ere -misi -missum to let go / commit / allow permotus -a -um alarmed / disturbed permoveo -êre -movi -motum to move / affect perna -ae f. ham pernicies -ei f. destruction / ruin perniciosus -a -um destructive / pernicious perpetuus -a -um unbroken / continuous perscribo -ere to write out / place on record persequor -sequi -secutum to follow up / pursue persona -ae f. person perspicio -ere -spexi -spectumto look through / understand persuadeo -êre -suasi -suasum to make sweet to / persuade perterreo -êre -ui -itum to frighten thoroughly perterritus -a -um terrified pertimesco -ere -timui to fear greatly pertinax pertinacis obstinate pertineo -êre -ui to extend to / reach / belong perturbo -are -avi -atum to disturb greatly / alarm pervenio -ire -veni -venturus to come to / reach / arrive pes pedis m. foot pessimus -a -um worst pestilentia -ae f. plague pestis -is f. plague / pestilence / curse petasus -i m. broad-brimmed hat peto -ere -ivi -itum to seek / strive for / ask for philosophia -ae f. philosophy philosophus -i m. philosopher pictor -oris m. painter pictura -ae f. picture picus -i m. woodpecker pietas -tatis f. loyalty / respect piger pigra pigrum sluggish / thick pila -ae f. ball pilum -i n. javelin pinguis -e fat pipio -are -avi -atum to chirp / pipe pirata -ae m. pirate pirum -i n. pear pisa -orum n. peas piscator -oris m. fisherman piscina -ae f. swimming pool piscis -is m. fish pistor -oris m. baker pistrina -ae f. bakery pius -a -um loyal / dutiful placenta -ae f. cake placeo -êre -ui -iturus to please placet it seems good / it is agreed placidus -a -um placid placo -are -avi -atum to appease / placate plagosus -a -um fond of flogging plane quite / utterly planeta -ae f. planet plango -êre planxi planctum to beat / strike noisily planities -ei f. level ground / plain planus -a -um level / flat platea -ae f. broad street plaudo -ere plausi plausum to applaud / clap plaustrum -i n. wagon / cart plebeius -i m. plebeian plebs -is f. common people / folk plenus -a -um full plerumque generally / usually plerusque pleraque plerumquemost / very many pluit -ere pluit to rain (it rains) pluma -ae f. feather plurimus -a -um most / very much / very many plus pluris more / higher pluvia -ae f. rain poculum -i n. cup / pitcher poema -atis n. poem poena -ae f. punishment poeta -ae m. poet politus -a -um polished / refined polliceor pollicêri pollicitumto promise pomarius -i m. fruit seller pompa -ae f. parade pomum -i n. fruit pondus -deris n. weight / authority pono -ere posui positum to put / place pons pontis m. bridge pontifex pontificis m. high-priest / pontiff pontus -i n. the deep sea popina -ae f. eating-house popularis -e popular populor populari populatum to plunder / devastate populus -i m. people / nation porcus -i m. pig porta -ae f. gate / door porto -are -avi -atum to carry portus -ûs m. harbor / port posco -ere poposci to beg / demand possessio -onis f. possession / property possideo -êre -sedi -sessum to settle / have possession of possum posse potui to be able / can post (acc.) after post afterward postea afterward posteaquam after posteritas -tatis f. posterity posterum -i n. the future posterus -a -um following posthac henceforth postmeridianus -a -um afternoon / in the afternoon postpono -ere -posui -positum to put after / postpone postquam after / as soon as postremo finally / lastly postridie the next day postulo -are -avi -atum to demand potens -entis able / powerful potentia -ae f. power potestas -tatis f. power / ability potior potiri potitum to get possession of / obtain potissimum most of all / especially potius rather poto -are -avi -atum to drink prae (abl.) before / ahead of praebeo -êre -ui -itum to offer / show / prove praecedo -ere -cessi -cessum to go before / precede praeceps -ciptis headlong praeceptum -i n. command / order / precept praecido -ere -cidi -cisum to cut off praecipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to order / direct / advise praecipuus -a -us special / preeminent praeclarus -a -um distinguished praeco -onis m. herald praeda -ae f. booty / plunder praedico -are -avi -atum to announce / make known praeditus -a -um (abl.) endowed with praedo -onis m. pirate praedor -ari -atus sum to plunder / obtain booty praefectus -i m. commander / officer praefero -ferre -tuli -latum to place before / display praeficio -ere -feci -fectum to put in command of praemitto -ere -misi -missum to send forward / send ahead praemium praemi n. reward / prize praesens -entis present / in person praesentia -ium n.pl. present circumstances praesentio -ire -sensi -sensumto feel beforehand praesertim especially / particularly praesidium -i n. guard / defense / protection praestans -antis outstanding / remarkable praesto -are -stiti -stitum to stand before / show / excel praesum -esse -fui -futurus to be in front / be in command praeter (acc.) past / beyond / except praeterea furthermore / besides praetereo -ire -ii -itum to go by / pass / omit praeteritus -a -um past praetextatus -a -um wearing a toga praetexta praetor -oris m. praetor praetura -ae f. praetorship prandium -i n. lunch prasinus -a -um dark green pratum -i n. meadow pravus -a -um evil preces -um f.pl. prayers precor -ari -atus sum to pray to prehendo -ere -hendi -hensum to grasp / seize premo -ere pressi pressum to press / overwhelm pretiosus -a -um expensive / precious pretium -ii n. price prex precis f. prayer / entreaty pridem long ago pridie on the day before prima luce at first light / at dawn primo at first primum first / at first primus -a -um first / the first princeps -ipis first princeps -ipis m. leader / chief / emperor principatus -ûs m. leadership principia -orum n.pl. headquarters principium -i n. beginning / origin prior prius first priscus -a -um former / old-fashioned pristinus -a -um former / original / old-time pristis -is f. shark prius sooner / before priusquam before privatus -a -um private / personal privo -are -avi -atum to deprive pro (abl.) for / in behalf of proavus -i m. great-grandfather probitas -tatis f. uprightness / honesty probo -are -avi -atum to approve / test / show procedo -ere -cessi -cessurus to go forth / advance procella -ae f. storm / squall proconsul -sulis m. proconsul / governor procul at a distance / far off procumbo -ere -ui to fall down prodigium -i n. portent / omen proditor -oris m. betrayer / traitor prodo -ere -didi -ditum to bring forth / betray produco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead forth / prolong proelium -i n. battle profectio -onis f. departure profecto really / surely profero -ferre -tuli -latum to bring forward / extend professor -oris m. professor proficio -ere -feci -fectum to carry out / accomplish proficiscor -ficisci -fectum to set out / start profiteor -êri -fessum to declare / profess profor -ari -atus sum to speak out profundo -ere -fudi -fusum to pour forth progredior progredi progressumto advance / go forward prohibeo -êre -ui -itum to hold back / stop / forbid proicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw forward proinde hence / accordingly proles -is f. offspring promissum -i n. promise promitto -ere -misi -missum to promise promoveo -ere -movi -motum to promote pronuntio -are -avi -atum to announce / proclaim pronus -a -um bent forward prope (acc.) near prope nearby / nearly propero -are -avi -atum to hasten propinquitas -tatis f. relationship / nearness propinquus -a -um near / close propinquus -i m. relative propius nearer propono -ere -posui -positum to put forward / propose propraetor -oris m. pro-praetor / governor proprius -a -um personal / characteristic propter (acc.) near / on account of propterea for this reason propterea quod because prora -ae f. prow / bow of a ship prosequor prosequi prosecutum to follow after / pursue prosum -esse -fui -futurus to benefit / help protego -ere -texi -tectum to protect protinus immediately / at once proveho -ere -vexi -vectum to carry forward provideo -êre -vidi -visum to foresee / provide provincia -ae f. province provolo -are -avi -atum to fly out / rush forth proxime nearest proximus -a -um nearest / previous / last prudens prudentis wise / prudent prudenter wisely / discreetly prudentia -ae f. knowledge / prudence psittacus -i m. parrot publicanus -i m. tax collector publicus -a -um public / official pudet -êre -uit (inf.) to be ashamed (impers.) pudicitia -ae f. chastity / modesty / virtue pudicus -a -um chaste / modest / virtuous pudor -oris m. modesty / bashfulness puella -ae f. girl puer -i m. boy pueriliter childishly / foolishly pueritia -ae f. boyhood / childhood pugil -is m. fighter pugna -ae f. fight / battle pugno -are -avi -atum to fight pulcher -chra -chrum beautiful pulchritudo -onis f. beauty pulso -are -avi -atum to hit / knock / punch pulvis -is m. dust / cloud of dust pulvus -eris n. dust punio -ire -ivi -itum to punish pupa -ae f. doll pupillus -i m. legal ward purgo -are -avi -atum to cleanse purpuratus -i m. courtier purpureus -a -um purple purus -a -um pure / free from puteus -i m. well puto -are -avi -atum to think pyra -ae f. pyre pyramis -idis f. pyramid qua where / whereby qua de causa for this reason quadraginta forty quadringenti four hundred quaero -ere -sivi -situm to seek / inquire quaeso -ere to beg / beseech quaestio -onis f. investigation / inquiry quaestor -oris m. quaestor quaestus -ûs m. gain / profit qualis -e of what sort quam how quam diu how long / as long as ... quam longe how far quamquam although quamvis however much / although quando when quantus -a -um how great / how much quare because of which / why quartus -a -um fourth quasi as if / like quattuordecim fourteen quattuor four -que and quemadmodum in what manner / how querela -ae f. complaint queror queri questum to complain / find fault with qui quae quod who / which / that quia because quicquam anything quidam quaedam quiddam a certain / some quidem indeed quidquam anything quies -etis f. rest / quiet quiesco -ere quievi quietum to be quiet quietus -a -um quiet / calm quin but that / that quin etiam what is more quindecim fifteen quingenti five hundred quinquaginta fifty quinque five quintus -a -um fifth quis quis quid who / what / anyone / anything quisquam quicquam anyone anything quisquis quidquid whoever / whatever quo from where / whither quo in order that quoad until / as long as quod because / the fact that quod si but if quomodo how quondam once quoniam since / because quoque also / too quot how many quotannis every year quotidie daily quotiens how often / whenever quotus -a -um how much radix -icis f. root / basis raeda -ae f. carriage ramus -i m. branch rapidus -a -um fast / rapid rapio -ere rapui raptum to seize / snatch / tear away rapto -are -avi -atum to seize rarus -a -um scattered / thin rastrum -i n. rake / toothed hoe ratio -onis f. plan / account / reason ratis -is f. raft / vessel recedo -ere -cessi -cessum to go back / retire / recede recens recentis fresh / new / recent recipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to take back / receive recito -are -avi -atum to read aloud recognosco -ere -novi -notum to recognize / recollect recreo -are -avi -atum to restore / revive rectus -a -um straight / right recumbo -ere -ui to lie down / recline recuperatio -onis f. recovery recupero -are -avi -atum to recover recuso -are -avi -atum to refuse reddo -ere -didi -ditum to give back / restore redeo -ire -ii -iturus to go back / return redigo -ere -egi -actum to drive back / subdue reditus -ûs m. return reduco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead back refero -ferre -tuli -latum to bring back / report reficio -ere -feci -fectum to make again / repair refugio -ere -fugi -fugitum to flee back / take refuge regia -ae f. palace regina -ae f. queen regio -onis f. region / district regius -a -um royal regno -are -avi -atum to rule / reign regnum -i n. kingdom rego -ere rexi rectum to rule / control regredior -gredi -gressum to return / go back regula -ae f. straight edge / ruler / model reicio -ere -ieci -iectum to throw back / repulse relego -ere -legi -lectum to read again / reread relevo -are -avi -atum to relieve / alleviate religio -onis f. doctrine / sense of duty relinquo -ere -licui -lictum to leave behind / abandon reliquiae -arum f.pl. remains / relics reliquus -a -um left / remaining remaneo -êre -mansi -mansum to remain / stay behind remedium -i n. cure / remedy remex -igis m. rower remigo - are -avi -atum to row remitto -ere -misi -missum to send back / relax remotus -a -um removed / distant / remote removeo -êre -movi -motum to move back / remove remus -i m. oar renuntio -are -avi -atum to bring back word / report repello -ere reppeli repulsum to drive back / repulse repente suddenly / unexpectedly repentinus -a -um sudden reperio -ire -peri -pertum to find / discover repetitio -onis f. repetition repeto -ere -ivi -itum to seek again / repeat repo -ere repsi reptum to creep / crawl reporto -are -avi -atum to bring back repudio -are -avi -atum to reject repugno -are -avi -atum to fight against requiro -ere -sivi -situm to seek / need / require res rei f. thing / affair / matter res publica state / commonwealth resisto -ere restiti to stand still / resist respondeo -êre respondi to answer responsum -i n. answer / reply / response resquiesco -ere to rest restituo -ere -ui -utum to restore / replace / renew resto -are -stiti to remain rete retis n. net retineo -êre -tinui -tentum to retain retraho -ere -traxi -tractum to drag back / draw back reus -i m. defendant revenio -ire -veni -ventum to come back / return reverentia -ae f. respect reverto -ere -verti -versum to come back / return revertor reverti reversus sum to turn back / return revoco -are -avi -atum to recall rex regis m. king rhetoricus -a -um rhetorical / of rhetoric rideo -êre risi risum to laugh ridiculus -a -um ridiculous / silly rima -ae f. crack / fissure ripa -ae f. bank of a river rivus -i m. steam rixa -ae f. quarrel / brawl robur -oris n. oak robustus -a -um strong / hardy rogo -are -avi -atum to ask rogus -i m. funeral pyre rosa -ae f. rose rosarium -i n. rose bed roseus -a -um pink rostrum -i n. beak of ship rota -ae f. wheel rotundus -a -um wheel-shaped / round ruber -bra -brum red rudo -ere -ivi -itum to bellow / roar rugosus -a -um wrinkled ruinae -arum f. ruins rumor -oris m. report / rumor rumpo -ere rupi ruptum to break / burst / tear ruo -ere rui rutum to rush / fall / be ruined rupes -is f. rock / cliff rursus back / again rus ruris n. country rusticus -a -um of the country rusticus -i m. peasant sabbatum -i n. Sabbath saccarum -i n. sugar sacculus -i m. little bag / purse sacer -cra -crum sacred sacerdos -dotis m./f. priest / priestess sacrificium -i n. sacrifice sacrilegus -a -um sacrilegious / impious saeculum -i n. age/generation saepe often saevio -ire saevii to be in a rage saevitia -ae f. rage/ferocity saevus -a -um savage / fierce sagitta -ae f. arrow sal -is m. salt salio -ire -ui to jump / leap / bound salsus -a -um salty / witty saltem at least salto -are -avi -atum to dance salus -utis f. safety / welfare saluto -are -avi -atum to greet salve hello! salveo -êre to be in good health salvus -a -um safe / sound sancio -ire sanxi sanctum to make sacred / sanction sanctifico -are -avi -atum to sanctify / treat as holy sanctus -a -um sacred / holy sandalium -i n. sandal sane obviously sanguis -inis m. blood sanitas -tatis f. health / sanity sano -are -avi -atum to heal sanus -a -um sound / healthy sane sapiens -entis wise sapienter wisely / sensibly sapientia -ae f. wisdom sapio -ere sapivi to taste / have flavor sartor -oris m. tailor satio -are -avi -atum to satisfy / sate satis enough / sufficiently satura -ae f. satire saxum -i n. stone/cliff scabies -ei f. the itch / mange sceleratus -a -um criminal / wicked scelestus -a -um wicked / accursed scelus -eris n. crime schola -ae f. school scientia -ae f. knowledge scilicet obviously / of course scindo -ere scidi scissum to tear / cut up / carve scio -ire -ivi -itum to know (a fact) scopulus -i m. rock / cliff scriba -ae m. scribe / secretary scribo -ere scripsi scriptum to write scriptor -oris m. writer / author sculptor -oris m. sculptor scutum -i n. shield secedo -ere -cessi -cessum to withdraw / retire secerno -ere -crevi -cretum to separate secludo -ere -clusi -clusum to shut off / seclude seco -are secui sectum to cut secretum -i n. solitude secretus -a -um secret secundum (acc.) according to secundus -a -um second securus -a -um free from care / untroubled sed but sedecim sixteen sedeo -êre sedi sessum to sit sedes -is f. seat seditio -onis f. mutiny sedo -are -avi -atum to soothe / calm seductor -oris m. seducer segrego -are -avi -atum to segregate / separate seiunctus -a -um separated / distinct sella -ae f. seat / chair semel once semen -inis n. seed / race semihora -ae f. half-hour semper always sempiternus -a -um eternal / perpetual / lasting senator -oris m. senator senatus -ûs m. senate senectus -tutis f. old age senesco -ere senui to grow old senex senis m. old man sensus -ûs m. feeling / sense sententia -ae f. feeling/thought sentio -ire sensi sensum to feel separo -are -avi -atum to break of / separate separtim separately sepelio -ire -ivi sepultum to bury septem seven septendecim seventeen septentriones -um m.pl. the north / north wind septimus -a -um seventh septingenti seven hundred septuaginta seventy sepulcrum -i n. grave / tomb sepultura -ae f. burial sequor sequi secutus sum to follow serenus -a -um calm / clear serius -a -um serious / grave sermo -onis m. conversation / talk sero too late sero -ere sevi satum to sow serpens -pentis f. serpent serus -a -um late servere strictly serveritas -tatis f. strictness serverus -a -um strict / stern servio -ire -ivi -itum to be a slave to / serve servitium -ii n. service / servitude servitus -tutis f. servitude / slavery servo -are -avi -atum to save / guard servus -i m. slave sescenti six hundred seu or if seu ... seu ... whether ... or ... severe severely / sternly severitas -tatis f. severity / strictness sex six sexaginta sixty sextus -a -um sixth si if si quis if anyone sic so / thus sica -ae f. curved sword sicut just as sidus -eris n. star / constellation significo -are -avi -atum to make signs / signal / show signo -are -avi -atum to mark / designate / seal signum -i n. sign / standard silentium -ii n. silence sileo -êre -ui to silence / quiet silva -ae f. forest simia -ae f. monkey similis -e like similiter similarly similitudo -inis f. similarity / likeness simius -ii m. ape simplex -plicis simple / unaffected simul at the same time simul ac as soon as simulacrum -i n. image / portrait simulatio -onis f. pretense simulo -are -avi -atum to pretend sincere sincerely / honestly sincerus -a -um sincere sine (abl.) without singularis -e singular / unique singuli -ae -a one each / one at a time sinister -tra -trum left sino -ere sivi situm to allow sinus -ûs m. fold / gulf / bay sitio -ire -ivi to be thirsty sito -ere stiti statum to cause to stand / place situs -a -um situated / placed / located sive or if sive ... sive ... whether ... or ... societas -tatis f. alliance / kinship socius -i m. ally sol -is m. sun solea -ae f. sandal soleo -êre solitus sum to be accustomed solitudo -inis f. solitude / loneliness solitus -a -um accusomed / usual solium -i n. throne / bathtub sollicito -are -avi -atum to disturb / arouse / incite sollicitudo -inis f. anxiety / concern sollicitus -a -um troubled / anxious / disturbed solum only solum -i n. bottom / sole solus -a -um alone solutus -a -um alone / only solvo -ere solvi solutum to loosen / pay somnium -i n. dream somnus -i m. sleep sonitus -ûs m. sound sono -are -ui -itum to make a sound sopor -oris m. deep sleep sordes -ium f.pl. filth / meanness / stinginess sordidus -a -um dirty soror -oris f. sister sors sortis f. lot / chance spargo -ere sparsi sparsum to scatter / spread / strew spatium -i n. space/length of time species -ei f. appearance spatiosus -a -um spacious spatium -i n. space / distance / period spectaculum -i n. show / spectacle specto -are -avi -atum to look at speculum -i n. mirror specus -ûs m. cave spelunca -ae f. cave / cavern sperno -ere sprevi spretum to scorn / despise / spurn spero -are -avi -atum to hope for spes spei f. hope spina -ae f. thorn / backbone spiritus -ûs m. breathing / breath spiro -are -avi -atum to breathe / be alive splendidus -a -um splendid splendor -oris m. grandeur / brightness spolio -are -avi -atum to strip / despoil / rob spolium -i n. skinned hide spondeo -êre -spopondi -ponsumto promise / vow sponte voluntarily stabilis -e stable / steadfast stabulum -i n. stable stadium -ii n. stadium stagnum -i n. pool of water statim immediately statio -onis f. outpost statua -ae f. statue statuo -ere -ui -utum to decide statura -ae f. stature/size status -ûs m. position / state / status stella -ae f. star sterno -ere stravi stratum to spread out / smooth / pave stilus -i m. stylus / pen stipendium -i n. military service sto stare steti staturus to stand stola -ae f. stola / long dress stomachus -i m. stomach stramentum -i n. straw strangulo -are -avi -atum to strangle / choke strenuus -a -um energetic strepitus -ûs m. din / noise / uproar stringo -ere strinxi strictum to draw (a sword) struo -ere struxi structum to contrive / build / arrange studeo -êre -ui (dat.) to study / be eager for studiosus -a -um to be full of zeal / eager studium -i n. eagerness/study stultitia -ae f. foolishness stultus -a -um foolish stultus -i m. a fool stupidus -a -um stupid stuprum -i n. debauchery suadeo -ere suasi suasum to urge / persuade suaffragium suaffragi n. ballot / vote suavis -e sweet suaviter sweetly sub (abl.) under sub (acc.) up to / towards subduco -ere -duxi -ductum to draw up / beach (a ship) subeo -ire -ii -itum to undergo / go under subito suddenly subitus -a -um sudden subiungo -ere -iunxi -iunctum to subject / subjugate sublevo -are -avi -atum to lift up / lift / assist submitto -ere -misi -missum to send to help subrideo -ere -risi -risum to smile subsellium -ii n. bench / seat subsequor -sequi -secutum to follow up / follow closely subsido -ere -sessi -sessum to subside / calm down subsidium -ii n. aid / assistance / support subterraneus -a -um below the ground subtilis -e fine / thin / precise subvenio -ire -veni -ventum to help / come to help succedo -ere -cessi -cessum to take the place of / suceed succurro -ere -curri -cursum to come to the help of sucus -i m. juice sudo -are -avi -atum to sweat sum esse fui futurus to be / exist summa -ae f. sum / whole summus -a -um highest / most sumo -ere sumpsi sumptum to take up / eat sumptiosus -a -um expensive / lavish / costly sumptus -i m. expense / cost supellex -lectilis f. furniture / apparatus super (acc.) over / above superbia -ae f. pride superbus -a -um proud / haughty superior -ius upper / previous (time) supero -are -avi -atum to conquer supersum -esse -fui -futurus to survive / outlive superus -a -um above supplex -icis suppliant supplicatio -onis f. thanksgiving to the gods supplicium -i n. punishment supplico -are -avi -atum to pray to suppono -ere -posui -positum to put under / place under supporto -are -avi -atum to bring up supra (acc.) above surculus -i m. shoot / sprout surgo -ere surrexi surrectumto rise suscenseo -êre -censui -censumto be angry suscipio -ere -cepi -ceptum to undertake suspendo -ere -pendi -pensum to hang up / suspend suspicor -ari -atus sum to suspect suspirium -i n. sigh sustineo -êre -ui -tentum to uphold / support susurro -are -avi -atum to whisper suus -a -um his / her / its / their synagoga -ae f. synagogue tabella -ae f. wax tablet tabellarius -i m. letter-carrier / courier taberna -ae f. store / shop / inn tabernaculum -i n. hut / tent tabernarius -ii m. store-owner tablinum -i n. home office tabula -ae f. board / plank taceo -êre -ui -itum to keep silent tacite quietly / silently tacitus -a -um quiet taedet -êre taeduit taesum to be tiring / cause boredom talentum -i n. talent / a large sum of money talis -e of that sort talis ... qualis ... such ... as ... tam so / to such a degree tam ... quam ... as much ... as ... tam diu dum so long as tamen nevertheless tametsi although / and yet tamquam as it were / so to speak tamquam just as / like / as tandem at last / finally tango -ere tetigi tactum to touch tantum only tantus -a -um so great tardo -are -avi -atum to delay tardus -a -um slow / tardy taurus -i m. bull tectum -i n. roof tego -ere texi tectum to cover tellus -uris f. earth / land / the earth telum -i n. weapon temere rashly / blindly temeritas -tatis f. rashness / temerity temperantia -ae f. moderation / self-control temperantia -ae f. moderation / restraint tempero -are -avi -atum to be moderate / restrain tempestas -atis f. weather / storm templum -i n. temple temptatio -onis f. trial / temptation tempto -are -avi -atum to test / try tempus -oris n. time tendo -ere tetendi tentum to stretch out / extend tenebrae -arum f.pl. shades / darkness teneo -êre -ui tentum to hold / keep / possess tener -era -erum soft / delicate / tender tenuis -e thin / slight / feeble tergum -i n. back / rear terminus -i m. boundary tero -ere trivi tritum to rub / wear out terra -ae f. earth terreo -êre -ui -itum to frighten / terrify terribilis -e frightful / dreadful terror -oris m. terror tertius -a -um third testamentum -i n. will testamonium testamoni n. testimony testis -is m./f. witness testor -ari -atum to call to witness theatrum -i n. theater thema -atis n. theme thermae -arum f.pl. warm springs thesaurus -i m. treasure/hoard tignum -i n. log / stick / trunk of a tree tigris -is f. tiger timeo -êre -ui -itum to fear timide timidly timidus -a -um timid timor -oris m. fear titulus -i m. label / title toga -ae f. toga togatus -a -um wearing a toga tolero -are -avi -atum to endure / tolerate tollo -ere sustuli sublatum to raise / remove / destroy tomaclum -i n. sausage tondeo -êre totondi tonsum to shear / clip tonsor -oris m. barber tonsura -ae f. haircut tormentum -i n. torture / torture device tot so many tot ... quot ... as many ... as ... totidem just as many totiens so often totus -a -um whole trabs -is f. beam / timber tracto -are -avi -atum to drag about / handle trado -ere -didi -ditum to hand over / surrender traduco -ere -duxi -ductum to lead across / bring over tragoedia -ae f. tragedy traho -ere traxi tractum to draw / drag traiectus -ûs m. crossing trano -are -avi -atum to swim over / swim across tranquillitas -tatis f. calm / peace trans (acc.) across transcendo -ere to board (ship) transeo -ire -ii -itum to go across transfero -ferre -tuli -latum to transfer transeo -ire -ii -itum to bring across / transport transporto -are -avi -atum to carry across / transport trecenti three hundred tredecim thirteen tremo -ere -ui to tremble trepide with trepidation trepido -are -avi -atum to tremble / panic tres tria three tribunal -alis n. magistrates' raised platform tribunus -i m. tribune tribuo -ere -ui -utum to allot / assign / grant tributum -i n. tax / tribute triclinium -i n. dining-couch / dining-room tridens -entis m. trident triduum -ui n. period of three days triginta thirty triplex -icis threefold / triple tristis -e sad tristitia -ae f. sadness / gloom triticum -i n. wheat triumphus -i m. triumph trucido -are -avi -atum to cut to pieces / slaughter truncus -i m. tree-trunk tu you tuba -ae f. war trumpet tuber -eris n. hump tueor tuêri tutum to watch / guard tum then / at that time tumor -oris m. tumor / swelling tumultus -i m. confusion / tumult tumulus -i m. mound / tomb tunc then / at that time tunica -ae f. tunic turba -ae f. crowd turpis -e base / cowardly turris -is f. tower tutela -ae f. guardianship tutus -a -um safe tuus -a -um your tyrannus -i m. absolute leader ubi when / where ubique everywhere ulciscor -i ultus sum to avenge / punish ullus -a -um any ultimus -a -um last ultio -onis f. revenge ultra (acc.) beyond umbra -ae f. shadow umerus -i m. shoulder umidus -a -um wet / liquid umquam ever / at any time unda -ae f. wave / water unde from where undecim eleven undeviginti nineteen undique from all around universi -ae -a all together unus -a -um one unâ at the same time / together unâ cum together with urbanus -a -um of the city / refined urbs urbis f. city urgeo -êre ursi to press / push / urge urna -ae f. pitcher / urn uro -ere ussi ustum to burn ursus -i m. bear usitatus -a -um usual / customary usquam at any place / anywhere usque all the way / right through usus -ûs m. use usus est there is need ut as / in order that uter utra utrum each (of two) / both / either uterque utraque utrumque each of two / both uterus -i m. womb uti that / as / when utilis -e useful / advantageous utinam would that / if only utor uti usus sum to use utque at least utrimque on both sides utrum ... an ... whether ... or ... uva -ae f. grape uxor -oris f. wife vaca -ae f. cow vaco -are -avi -atum to be free from vacuus -a -um empty / free from vado -ere to go vadum -i n. ford / shallows vae alas / woe
vagor varari vagatum to stroll about / wander vagus -a -um strolling / rambling / vagrant valde very much / very vale farewell / good-by valeo -êre -ui -iturus to be strong valetudo -dinis f. health validus -a -um strong valles -is f. valley vallum -i n. rampart / fortification vanitas -tatis f. emptiness / vanity vanus -a -um empty / void varius -a -um various vas vasis n. urn / vase vasto -are -avi -atum to lay waste vastus -a -um unoccupied / waste / vast vates vatis m./f. soothsayer / bard -ve or vectigal -alis n. tax / tribute / revenue vectigalis -e tributary vector -oris m. passenger / seafarer vehemens -entis violent / vehement vehementer violently / loudly vehiculum -i n. vehicle veho -ere vexi vectum to carry / convey vel or vel ... vel ... either ... or ... velamen -inis n. cover / clothing vello -ere velli velsum to pluck / tear away / destroy velifico -are -avi -atum to operate the sails velo -are -avi -atum to cover / wrap vello -ere velli vulsum to pluck / pull / tug at vellus -eris n. fleece velox -ocis swift velum -i n. sail / veil velut even as / just as / as if venatio -onis f. hunting-party venator -oris m. hunter venditor -oris m. vendor / seller vendo -ere vendidi venditum to sell venenum -i n. drug / poison veneror -ari -atum to worship / pray venia -ae f. kindness / favor / mercy venio -ire veni venturus to come venter -tris m. stomach / belly ventito -are -avi -atum to come often ventus -i m. wind venus -eris f. loveliness / beauty / grace ver veris n. spring verber -eris n. flogging verbero -are -avi -atum to strike / beat verbum -i n. word vere truly vereor -êri -itus sum to fear veritas -tatis f. truth vero in truth / indeed verso -are -avi -atum to keep turning versor -ari -atum to busy oneself / be engaged versus -ûs m. verse / line of poetry vertex -icis m. whirlpool / whirlwind verto -ere verti versum to turn verum but verus -a -um true vescor vesci to use as food / feed / eat vesper -eris m. evening vespillo -onis m. undertaker vester -tra -trum your (pl) vestiarius -i m. clothing salesman vestigium -i n. footprint vestimentia -ae f. clothing / garment vestimentum -i n. clothing vestio -ire -ivi -itum to clothe vestis -is f. clothing veto -are vetui vetitum to forbid vetus -eris old vexillum -i n. military banner / standard vexo -are -avi -atum to harass / annoy via -ae f. way / road vicinus -a -um neighboring victima -ae f. sacrificial beast / victim victor -toris m. conqueror victoria -ae f. victory victrix -icis victorious victus -ûs m. living / mode of life vicus -i m. village / block videlicet doubtless / evidently video -êre vidi visum to see videor -êri visus sum to seem / seem best vigeo -êre -ui to thrive / be lively vigil -is awake / alert vigilantia -ae f. watchfulness vigilia -ae f. wakefulness / watch vigilo -are -avi -atum to be watchful / be awake viginti twenty vigor -oris m. vigor / liveliness villa -ae f. farmhouse vincio -ire vinxi vinctum to bind / tie up vinco -ere vici victum to defeat vinculum -i n. band / cord / chain vindico -are -avi -atum to claim / defend / punish vinea -ae f. vineyard vinum -i n. wine violo -are -avi -atum to violate vir -i m. man virga -ae f. green twig virgo -inis f. maiden viridis -e light green virilis -e of a man virtus -tutis f. courage / virtue vis vim vi f. force / violence visito -are -avi -atum to visit vita -ae f. life vitiosus -a -um full of vice / vicious vitium -ii n. fault / vice / crime vito -are -avi -atum to avoid / shun vituperatio -onis f. blame / censure vitupero -are -avi -atum to find fault with / curse vivo -ere vixi victurus to live vivus -a -um alive / living vix scarcely vobiscum with you (pl.) voco -are -avi -atum to call volo velle volui to wish / want to volo -are -avi -atum to fly volucris -is f. bird / winged creature volumen -inis n. roll / volume voluntarius -a -um voluntary voluntas -tatis f. good will voluptas -tatis f. pleasure vos you (pl.) votum -i n. vow / prayer voveo -êre vovi votum to vow / promise solemnly vox vocis f. voice vulgus -i n. mob vulnero -are -avi -atum to wound vulnus -eris n. wound vulpes -is f. fox vultus -ûs m. expression zephyrus -i m. the west wind
